Jung Da Jin Sol, Lee Jaesung, Kim Do Hyun, Beak Seok-Hyeon, Hong Soo Jong, Jeong In Hyuk, Yoo Seon Pil, Lee Jin Oh, Cho In Gu, Fassah Dilla Mareistia, Kim Hyun Jin, Baik Myunggi
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea.
Anim Biosci. 2022 Mar;35(3):503-510. doi: 10.5713/ab.21.0321. Epub 2021 Oct 29.
This study was performed to determine the effects of stress after road transportation and oral administration of chromium and meloxicam on growth performance, plasma cortisol, serum metabolites, and behavior in dairy calves.
A total of 50 Holstein heifers (average body weight [BW]: 172±4.19 kg; average age: 5.53±0.12 months) were randomly assigned to five groups including NL (not transported + D-lactose; 1 mg/kg BW), TL (transported + D-lactose; 1 mg/kg BW), TC (transported + chromium; 0.5 mg/kg dry matter [DM] feed), TM (transported + meloxicam; 1 mg/kg BW), and TMC (transported + combination of meloxicam and chromium; 1 mg/kg BW and 0.5 mg/kg DM, respectively). Doses of D-lactose monohydrate, meloxicam, and chromium were prepared for oral administration by suspension in 15 mL of water in a 20-mL dosing syringe. Blood was collected before transportation, immediately after 120 km of transportation (IAT), and at 6, 24, and 48 h after transportation.
Neither transportation nor administration of meloxicam and/or chromium affected (p = 0.99) average daily gain and feed intake. Plasma cortisol concentrations in the NL group (average 0.13 and 0.18 nmol/L, respectively) were lower (p<0.001) compared to the TL group (average 0.39 and 0.61 nmol/L, respectively) at IAT and 48 h after transportation. At 48 h after transportation, cortisol concentrations were lower (p<0.05) in the TC group (average 0.22 nmol/L) than in the TL group (average 0.61 nmol/L), and TC calves had similar cortisol concentrations to NL calves. Lying duration (min/d) was shorter (p<0.05) in the TL group than in the NL group at 2 d after transportation. Lying duration was longer (p<0.05) for the TC and TMC groups than for the TL group at 2 d after transportation.
Transportation increased cortisol concentrations and affected lying behavior, while chromium administration reduced cortisol concentrations and changed lying behavior. Thus, chromium administration before transportation may be a viable strategy to alleviate stress elicited by road transportation.
本研究旨在确定公路运输及口服铬和美洛昔康后应激对犊牛生长性能、血浆皮质醇、血清代谢产物及行为的影响。
将50头荷斯坦小母牛（平均体重[BW]：172±4.19 kg；平均年龄：5.53±0.12个月）随机分为五组，包括NL组（未运输+D-乳糖；1 mg/kg体重）、TL组（运输+D-乳糖；1 mg/kg体重）、TC组（运输+铬；0.5 mg/kg干物质[DM]饲料）、TM组（运输+美洛昔康；1 mg/kg体重）和TMC组（运输+美洛昔康与铬联合使用；分别为1 mg/kg体重和0.5 mg/kg DM）。将一水合D-乳糖、美洛昔康和铬的剂量配制成混悬液，用20 mL给药注射器吸取15 mL水进行口服给药。在运输前、运输120 km后立即（IAT）以及运输后6、24和48 h采集血液。
运输以及美洛昔康和/或铬的给药均未影响（p = 0.99）平均日增重和采食量。在IAT时以及运输后48 h，NL组的血浆皮质醇浓度（分别平均为0.13和0.18 nmol/L）低于（p<0.001）TL组（分别平均为0.39和0.61 nmol/L）。在运输后48 h，TC组的皮质醇浓度（平均0.22 nmol/L）低于（p<0.05）TL组（平均0.61 nmol/L），且TC组犊牛的皮质醇浓度与NL组犊牛相似。运输后2 d，TL组的躺卧时间（分钟/天）短于（p<0.05）NL组。运输后2 d，TC组和TMC组的躺卧时间长于（p<0.05）TL组。
运输增加了皮质醇浓度并影响躺卧行为，而铬的给药降低了皮质醇浓度并改变了躺卧行为。因此，运输前给予铬可能是减轻公路运输引起的应激的一种可行策略。
