School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario,Canada.
Paralympic Innovation, Paralympics Australia, Adelaide,Australia.
Adapt Phys Activ Q. 2022 Jan 1;39(1):129-138. doi: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0107. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
Research has recently examined the role of impairment onset on athlete development in Paralympic sport; however, less is known on how impairment type can impact athlete sporting pathways. In this study, 187 Australian and Canadian Paralympic sport athletes completed a survey. Participants were divided into the following four groups: impaired muscle power (n = 79); ataxia, athetosis, and hypertonia (n = 44); limb deficiencies (n = 42); and other physical impairments (n = 22). Mechanisms of initiation into Paralympic sport varied between groups with some drawn to sport through friends and/or family (i.e., limb deficiencies and other physical impairments groups) while others through talent search programs (i.e., ataxia, athetosis, and hypertonia group) or health care professionals/rehabilitation centers (i.e., impaired muscle power group). Results revealed no significant differences between groups in the chronological age or absolute years for achieving milestones. However, considering the high variability within the sample, more research is necessary to better understand how athletes with different physical impairments navigate through their sporting careers.
最近的研究探讨了损伤发作对残奥会运动中运动员发展的作用；然而，对于损伤类型如何影响运动员的运动途径知之甚少。在这项研究中，187 名澳大利亚和加拿大残奥会运动员完成了一项调查。参与者分为以下四组：肌肉力量损伤（n = 79）；小脑运动失调、舞蹈手足徐动症和张力亢进（n = 44）；肢体缺陷（n = 42）；和其他身体损伤（n = 22）。进入残奥会运动的机制因组别而异，有些是通过朋友和/或家人（即肢体缺陷和其他身体损伤组）参与运动，而有些则是通过人才选拔计划（即小脑运动失调、舞蹈手足徐动症和张力亢进组）或医疗保健专业人员/康复中心（即肌肉力量损伤组）。结果显示，各组成员在达到里程碑的年龄或绝对年限方面没有显著差异。然而，考虑到样本内的高度变异性，需要进行更多的研究，以更好地了解具有不同身体损伤的运动员如何在他们的运动生涯中取得进展。
