Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
Department of Safety and Health Promotion, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.
Neuropsychopharmacol Rep. 2021 Dec;41(4):544-547. doi: 10.1002/npr2.12217. Epub 2021 Nov 3.
Depression is a frequent outcome of long-term stress, but no studies have examined depression rates among Japanese healthcare workers fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we conducted a web-based interview of hospital employees to assess depression prevalence and factors.
This observational cohort study was conducted from July to August, 2020, as part of a mandatory health checkup of Juntendo University Hospital employees (Tokyo, Japan). A total of 4239 participants completed a web-based questionnaire on medical history and current health status. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used for self-assessment, with a score of ≥16 considered to indicate depression.
Among all employees, the proportion of depression was 31.3% in 2020, the highest measured in the last 10 years and substantially greater than the pre-pandemic value in 2019 (27.5%). The proportion of depression for 2020 was significantly higher in new recruits than in employees with more than 2 years of experience (47.0% vs 29.9%, respectively, P < .0001) and in new recruits in 2019 (26.4%, P < .0001). When subdivided by occupation, nurses demonstrated the highest depression rate (43.2%), followed by paramedics (35.1%) and clerks (31.6%), whereas residents (22.9%), doctors (20.4%), teaching staff (18.0%), and part-time staff (15.3%) reported lower depression rates. The positive CES-D score significantly correlated with age (P < .0001).
Younger and newer employees demonstrated the highest rates of depression independent of occupation. Therefore, mental healthcare programs focusing on these vulnerable groups need to be established.
抑郁症是长期压力的常见后果，但尚无研究调查抗击 COVID-19 大流行的日本医护人员的抑郁发生率。因此，我们对医院员工进行了一项基于网络的访谈，以评估抑郁发生率和相关因素。
这项观察性队列研究于 2020 年 7 月至 8 月进行，是顺天堂大学医院员工（日本东京）强制性健康检查的一部分。共有 4239 名参与者完成了关于病史和当前健康状况的网络问卷调查。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）进行自我评估，得分≥16 被认为存在抑郁。
在所有员工中，2020 年抑郁比例为 31.3%，为过去 10 年中最高，明显高于 2019 年大流行前水平（27.5%）。与具有 2 年以上工作经验的员工（分别为 29.9%，P<0.0001）和 2019 年新入职员工（26.4%，P<0.0001）相比，2020 年新入职员工的抑郁比例明显更高。按职业细分，护士的抑郁率最高（43.2%），其次是护理人员（35.1%）和文员（31.6%），而住院医师（22.9%）、医生（20.4%）、教学人员（18.0%）和兼职员工（15.3%）的抑郁率较低。阳性 CES-D 评分与年龄显著相关（P<0.0001）。
无论职业如何，年轻和新入职的员工抑郁发生率最高。因此，需要建立针对这些弱势群体的心理健康保健计划。
