Milton Alyssa, Hambleton Ashlea, Roberts Anna, Davenport Tracey, Flego Anna, Burns Jane, Hickie Ian
Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Sydney School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
JMIR Form Res. 2021 Nov 4;5(11):e25329. doi: 10.2196/25329.
Previous research on body image distress mainly relied on samples that were small, generally homogeneous in age or sex, often limited to one geographical region, and were characterized by a lack of comprehensive analysis of multiple psychosocial domains. The research presented in this paper extends the international literature using the results of the web-based Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015. The survey included a large sample of both men and women aged ≥16 years from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, or the United States.
The main objectives of this study are to examine body image distress across the adult life span (≥16 years) and sex and assess the association between body image distress and various psychosocial risk and protective factors.
Data were extracted from the Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015, a web-based international self-report survey with 10,765 respondents, and compared with previous web-based surveys conducted in 2009 and 2012.
The body image distress of young Australians (aged 16-25 years) significantly rose by 33% from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, 75.19% (961/1278) of 16- to 25-year-old adults reported body image distress worldwide, and a decline in body image distress was noted with increasing age. More women reported higher levels of body image distress than men (1953/3338, 58.51% vs 853/2175, 39.22%). Sex, age, current dieting status, perception of weight, psychological distress, alcohol and other substance misuse, and well-being significantly explained 24% of the variance in body image distress in a linear regression (F=105.8; P<.001).
This study demonstrates the significant interplay between body image distress and psychosocial factors across age and sex.
以往关于身体意象困扰的研究主要依赖于规模较小、年龄或性别普遍单一、通常局限于一个地理区域且缺乏对多个心理社会领域进行全面分析的样本。本文所呈现的研究利用2015年基于网络的全球健康与幸福调查结果扩展了国际文献。该调查涵盖了来自澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰、英国或美国的大量16岁及以上的男性和女性样本。
本研究的主要目的是考察成年期（≥16岁）不同性别群体的身体意象困扰情况，并评估身体意象困扰与各种心理社会风险及保护因素之间的关联。
数据取自2015年全球健康与幸福调查，这是一项基于网络的国际自我报告调查，有10765名受访者，并与2009年和2012年之前进行的基于网络的调查进行了比较。
从2009年到2015年，澳大利亚年轻人（16 - 25岁）的身体意象困扰显著上升了33%。2015年，全球16至25岁的成年人中有75.19%（961/1278）报告有身体意象困扰，且身体意象困扰随年龄增长而下降。报告身体意象困扰水平较高的女性多于男性（1953/3338，58.51%对853/2175，39.22%）。在一项线性回归分析中，性别、年龄、当前节食状况、体重认知、心理困扰、酒精及其他物质滥用以及幸福感显著解释了身体意象困扰中24%的方差（F = 105.8；P <.001）。
本研究表明身体意象困扰与不同年龄和性别的心理社会因素之间存在显著的相互作用。
