Sirisha Sai, Jala Sireesha, Vooturi Sudhindra, Yada Praveen Kumar, Kaul Subhash
School of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2021 Sep 23;12(4):704-710. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1735822. eCollection 2021 Oct.
To evaluate awareness and response to stroke among the general public. In this prospective, observational study, self-reported stroke awareness questionnaire was administered in 2000 consecutive participants who visited outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital. For data analysis, comparison included for awareness of stroke and response in case of stroke. The average age of the study participants was 39.64 ± 15.55 (17-85), with 651(32.6%) women. Among the respondents, 786(39.3%) participants mentioned stroke as blood clot in the brain; 268(13.4%) stated it as brain hemorrhage. Awareness of stroke was higher in people in cities (71.0 vs. 8.5%; < 0.001) and graduates (75.3 vs. 60.9%; < 0.001) or knew a family member or friend who had stroke (42.7 vs. 30.4%; < 0.001). Most commonly recognized risk factors included stress (1,152; 57.6%) and hypertension (1,148; 57.4%). Most identified warning sign was weakness of one side of body (807; 40.4%) and speech impairment (658; 32.9%). Participants who were aware of stroke knew a greater number of risk factors (3.75 ± 2.88 vs. 2.45 ± 2.66; < 0.001) and warning signs (2.85 ± 2.25 vs. 1.49 ± 1.41; <0.001). Among 1,138 participants who were aware of stroke, 166 (14.6%) participants knew one correct response in case of a stroke, either call a doctor (49.3 vs. 35.0%; <0.001) or call an ambulance (41.1 vs. 34.9%; = 0.055). Participants who knew one correct response to stroke had at least a family member/friend who had stroke (44.1 vs. 34.3%; < 0.022). We report that among 56.9% of the participants who were aware of stroke most could not name more than four risk factors or three warning signs of stroke. Only 14.6% of those aware of stroke knew appropriate response to stroke.
评估普通公众对中风的认知及应对情况。在这项前瞻性观察性研究中，对连续2000名前往三级护理医院门诊就诊的参与者进行了自我报告的中风认知问卷调查。数据分析时，比较了中风认知情况及中风发生时的应对情况。研究参与者的平均年龄为39.64±15.55岁（17 - 85岁），其中651名（32.6%）为女性。在受访者中，786名（39.3%）参与者将中风描述为脑部血栓；268名（13.4%）称其为脑出血。城市居民（71.0%对8.5%；P<0.001）、毕业生（75.3%对60.9%；P<0.001）或认识中风家庭成员或朋友的人（42.7%对30.4%；P<0.001）对中风的认知更高。最常被认可的风险因素包括压力（1152人；57.6%）和高血压（1148人；57.4%）。最常识别出的警示信号是身体一侧无力（807人；40.4%）和言语障碍（658人；32.9%）。知晓中风的参与者了解更多的风险因素（3.75±2.88个对2.45±2.66个；P<0.001）和警示信号（2.85±2.25个对1.49±1.41个；P<0.001）。在1138名知晓中风的参与者中，166名（14.6%）参与者知道中风发生时的一种正确应对方法，要么打电话给医生（49.3%对35.0%；P<0.001），要么叫救护车（41.1%对34.9%；P = 0.055）。知道中风正确应对方法的参与者至少有一位中风的家庭成员/朋友（44.1%对34.3%；P<0.022）。我们报告称，在知晓中风的参与者中，56.9%的人说出的中风风险因素不超过四个或警示信号不超过三个。只有14.6%知晓中风的人知道中风的恰当应对方法。
