Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
PLoS One. 2021 Nov 5;16(11):e0258636. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258636. eCollection 2021.
This study aimed to describe and determine the prevalence of ocular abnormalities in Polish Hunting Dogs. The study was conducted with 193 Polish Hunting Dogs: 101 female and 92 male animals, aged between 3 months and 12 years. Ophthalmic examinations were performed using slit lamp biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, and tonometry based on the ophthalmological protocol for the examination of hereditary eye diseases. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed for dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), while electroretinography was also performed in dogs with SARDS. Five dogs (2.6%) were diagnosed with cataract, iris coloboma in 3 dogs (1.6%), ocular dermoid in 1 dog (0.5%), and retinal dysplasia, distichiasis and entropion in 1 dog (1%). Three dogs (1.6%) were diagnosed with PRA and SARDS occurred in 1 dog. Retinal lesions was observed in 16 dogs (8.3%). The clinical signs of retinopathy observed in Polish Hunting Dogs included discoloration of the tapetal fundus, patchy increased reflectivity in the region of discoloration, focus of hyperpigmentation and an area of tapetal hyper-reflectivity with a pigmented center. SD-OCT performed in the 3 dogs with PRA revealed alteration in the retinal layers, which was most advanced in the non-tapetal fundus. Although SD-OCT revealed retinal layers with normal architecture only in some parts of the dorsal, nasal and temporal regions in dogs with SARDS, areas of disorganized external limiting membrane, myeloid zone, ellipsoid zone, outer photoreceptor segment and interdigitation zone were also observed. Polish Hunting Dogs should undergo periodic ophthalmological examination for the evaluation of other hereditary eye diseases. The prevalence of retinal lesions in Polish Hunting Dogs requires further research.
本研究旨在描述和确定波兰猎犬中眼部异常的流行情况。该研究共纳入 193 只波兰猎犬：101 只雌性和 92 只雄性，年龄在 3 个月至 12 岁之间。使用裂隙灯生物显微镜、检眼镜和眼压计进行眼科检查，检查方案基于遗传性眼病检查的眼科方案。对患有突发性获得性视网膜变性综合征 (SARDS) 和进行性视网膜萎缩 (PRA) 的犬进行谱域光学相干断层扫描 (SD-OCT)，对患有 SARDS 的犬进行视网膜电图检查。有 5 只犬（2.6%）被诊断为白内障，3 只犬（1.6%）患有虹膜缺损，1 只犬（0.5%）患有眼部皮样瘤，1 只犬（1%）患有视网膜发育不良、双行睫和内翻。有 3 只犬（1.6%）被诊断为 PRA，1 只犬患有 SARDS。16 只犬（8.3%）出现视网膜病变。在波兰猎犬中观察到的视网膜病变的临床症状包括脉络膜毯的变色、变色区域的局部反射增加、色素沉着焦点和脉络膜高反射区域伴有色素中心。对 3 只患有 PRA 的犬进行的 SD-OCT 显示视网膜层发生了改变，非脉络膜毯眼底的改变最为严重。尽管在 SARDS 犬的背部、鼻侧和颞侧的某些部位，SD-OCT 显示视网膜层结构正常，但也观察到外节膜、髓鞘带、椭圆体带、外节感光细胞和外丛状带的排列紊乱。波兰猎犬应定期进行眼科检查，以评估其他遗传性眼病。波兰猎犬视网膜病变的流行情况需要进一步研究。
