Grozdanic Sinisa D, Lazic Tatjana, Kecova Helga, Mohan Kabhilan, Kuehn Markus H
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.
Animal Eye Consultants of Iowa, Hiawatha, Iowa.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2019 May;22(3):305-327. doi: 10.1111/vop.12597. Epub 2018 Aug 15.
To perform detailed analysis of retinal changes in dogs with SARDS using optical coherence tomography (OCT), funduscopy, and molecular analysis.
Subjects were 29 dogs from 12 US states and Canada diagnosed with SARDS by 8 ophthalmologists. An additional 7 eyes from 5 deceased SARDS dogs were used for molecular and histological analysis.
Dogs were evaluated using chromatic pupil light reflex testing (cPLR), and electroretinography (ERG); subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination, including funduscopy, retinal photography, and OCT, in addition to complete laboratory analysis, blood pressure evaluation, abdominal and thoracic radiographs, and computerized tomography (CT) imaging to assess possible systemic abnormalities. Histology and immunohistochemistry analysis was performed in 2 SARDS eyes. Microarray analysis was performed in 5 SARDS retinas.
Thirty-eight percent of patients had <1-mm wide retinal detachments (RD) on OCT analysis, which could not be detected by funduscopy or retinal photographs. Systemic hypertension did not seem to be a contributing factor (RD 22.2%; ND 20%, Odds ratio = 1.1). No dogs showed neoplastic changes by thoracic or abdominal radiography, or CT imaging. There was no statistically significant difference in age (RD 7.9 ± 1.9 years (mean ± SD); ND 7.6 ± 1.7 years, p = 0.69) or duration of blindness prior to presentation (RD 18 ± 7 days (mean±SD); ND 21 ± 12 days, p = 0.28). Microarray and histology analysis of SARDS eyes revealed molecular changes suggestive of immune-mediated damage.
Observed histological, molecular, and OCT changes are highly suggestive of immune-mediated damage in SARDS eyes.
使用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）、眼底镜检查和分子分析对患有突发性获得性视网膜变性综合征（SARDS）的犬只的视网膜变化进行详细分析。
受试对象为来自美国12个州和加拿大的29只犬，由8名眼科医生诊断为患有SARDS。另外，来自5只已故SARDS犬的7只眼睛用于分子和组织学分析。
使用彩色瞳孔光反射测试（cPLR）和视网膜电图（ERG）对犬进行评估；受试对象除了接受全面的实验室分析、血压评估、腹部和胸部X光片以及计算机断层扫描（CT）成像以评估可能的全身异常外，还接受了包括眼底镜检查、视网膜摄影和OCT在内的全面眼科检查。对2只SARDS眼睛进行了组织学和免疫组织化学分析。对5只SARDS视网膜进行了微阵列分析。
在OCT分析中，38%的患者视网膜脱离（RD）宽度小于1毫米，眼底镜检查或视网膜照片无法检测到。系统性高血压似乎不是一个促成因素（RD为22.2%；非RD为20%，优势比=1.1）。通过胸部或腹部X光片或CT成像，没有犬只显示出肿瘤性变化。在年龄方面（RD为7.9±1.9岁（平均值±标准差）；非RD为7.6±1.7岁，p=0.69）或出现症状前失明的持续时间方面（RD为18±7天（平均值±标准差）；非RD为21±12天，p=0.28）没有统计学上的显著差异。对SARDS眼睛的微阵列和组织学分析揭示了提示免疫介导损伤的分子变化。
观察到的组织学、分子和OCT变化高度提示SARDS眼睛存在免疫介导损伤。
