Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213003, China.
Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213003, China.
Microb Pathog. 2021 Dec;161(Pt B):105277. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105277. Epub 2021 Nov 3.
Diabetes is closely associated with periodontitis, however, the effects of type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment on the salivary microbiota in chronic periodontitis patients are still insufficiently studied. Saliva was collected from ten patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis (CP group) and 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and moderate to severe chronic periodontitis (ten patients were newly diagnosed with diabetes without drug treatment (DM group), and ten patients were treated with metformin (CP-DM-MET group)). Total DNA was extracted. DNA amplicons of the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were generated and subjected to high-throughput sequencing. There was no significant difference in the alpha diversity of the salivary microbiota (Observed_Species, Shannon, Simpson, ACE, Chao1 index) among the three groups. The dominant phyla with relative abundances greater than 1% were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Fusobacteriota, and Spirochaetota, and no significant difference was found among the three groups. Compared with the CP group, the relative abundance of twelve genera was found changed in CP-DM group, for example, Aggregatibacter, Unclassified_f_Neisseriaceae, Parvimonas, Erysipelotrichace_UCG-006, Atopobium, and Endomicrobium et al. Metformin treatment could partly restore the abundance of several genera in CP-DM, such as Acholeplasma and Comamonas. Compared with the CP group, genus Lactobacillus, Parvimonas, Norank_f_norank_o_Absconditabacteriales_SR1, and Acholeplasma changed significantly in CP-DM-MET group. Plaque index (PLI) was positively correlated with Prevotella and Lactobacillus but negatively correlated with Haemophilus, Lautropia, Unclassified_f_Pasteurellaceae, and TM7x. In conclusion, there was a significant difference in the salivary microbiota of patients with chronic periodontitis complicated by T2DM. Treatment with metformin partially alleviated the alteration in salivary microbiota caused by T2DM.
糖尿病与牙周炎密切相关，然而，2 型糖尿病和二甲双胍治疗对慢性牙周炎患者唾液微生物群的影响仍研究不足。收集了 10 名中重度慢性牙周炎患者（CP 组）和 20 名 2 型糖尿病合并中重度慢性牙周炎患者（10 名新诊断糖尿病未接受药物治疗的患者（DM 组），10 名接受二甲双胍治疗的患者（CP-DM-MET 组）的唾液。提取总 DNA。扩增 V3-V4 高变区 16S rRNA 基因的 DNA 扩增子，并进行高通量测序。三组间唾液微生物群的α多样性（观察物种、香农、辛普森、ACE、Chao1 指数）无显著差异。相对丰度大于 1%的优势菌门为厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、梭杆菌门和螺旋体门，三组间无显著差异。与 CP 组相比，CP-DM 组有 12 个属的相对丰度发生了变化，例如，聚集杆菌属、未分类 f_奈瑟菌科、卟啉单胞菌属、消化链球菌 UCG-006、阿托波菌属和内微生物属等。二甲双胍治疗可部分恢复 CP-DM 中几种属的丰度，如 Acholeplasma 和 Comamonas。与 CP 组相比，CP-DM-MET 组的乳杆菌属、卟啉单胞菌属、诺兰德 f_未分类 o_Absconditabacteriales_SR1 和 Acholeplasma 变化显著。牙菌斑指数（PLI）与普雷沃氏菌和乳杆菌呈正相关，与嗜血杆菌、Lautropia、未分类 f_巴斯德氏菌科和 TM7x 呈负相关。综上所述，2 型糖尿病合并慢性牙周炎患者的唾液微生物群存在显著差异。二甲双胍治疗部分缓解了 2 型糖尿病引起的唾液微生物群改变。
