Department of Statistics, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 5;11(1):21733. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01256-9.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health problem in developing as well as developed nations. DM leads to many complications that are associated with higher morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the current study was planned to assess the prevalence and risk factors of type-2 DM in Ethiopian population. Six electronic databases such as: PubMed, Scopus, Hinari, Web of science, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online were searched for studies published in English up December 30, 2020. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment of the included studies. The data was extracted by Microsoft excel and analyzed through Stata version 16 software. The random effect meta-regression analysis was computed at 95% CI to assess the pooled prevalence and risk factors of type-2 DM. Forty observational studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of DM in Ethiopia was 6.5% (95% CI (5.8, 7.3)). The sub-group analysis revealed that the highest prevalence of DM was found in Dire Dawa city administration (14%), and the lowest prevalence was observed in Tigray region (2%). The pooled prevalence of DM was higher (8%) in studies conducted in health facility. Factors like: Age ≥ 40 years ((Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.91 (95% CI: 1.05, 3.49)), Illiterate (AOR: 2.74 (95% CI: 1.18, 6.34)), Cigarette smoking (AOR: 1.97 (95% CI: 1.17, 3.32)), Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m (AOR: 2.01 (95 CI: 1.46, 2.27)), family history of DM (AOR: 6.14 (95% CI: 2.80, 13.46)), history of hypertension (AOR: 3.00 (95% CI: 1.13, 7.95)) and physical inactivity (AOR: 5.79 (95% CI: 2.12, 15.77)) were significantly associated with type-2 DM in Ethiopian population. In this review, the prevalence of type-2 DM was high. Factors like: Older age, illiteracy, cigarette smoking, MBI ≥ 25, family history of DM, history of hypertension and physical inactivity were an identified risk factors of type-2 DM. Therefore, health education and promotion will be warranted. Further, large scale prospective studies will be recommended to address possible risk factors of type-2 DM in Ethiopian population.
糖尿病（DM）是发展中国家和发达国家的一个公共卫生问题。DM 导致许多并发症，这些并发症与全球更高的发病率和死亡率有关。因此，目前的研究计划评估埃塞俄比亚人群中 2 型糖尿病的患病率和危险因素。检索了 6 个英文电子数据库，包括：PubMed、Scopus、Hinari、Web of science、Google Scholar 和 African Journals Online，以获取截至 2020 年 12 月 30 日发表的研究。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估纳入研究的质量。使用 Microsoft excel 提取数据，并通过 Stata 版本 16 软件进行分析。在 95%CI 下计算随机效应荟萃回归分析，以评估 2 型糖尿病的汇总患病率和危险因素。这项系统评价和荟萃分析纳入了 40 项观察性研究。埃塞俄比亚的糖尿病患病率为 6.5%（95%CI（5.8,7.3））。亚组分析显示，糖尿病患病率最高的是 Dire Dawa 市行政区（14%），最低的是提格雷地区（2%）。在医疗机构进行的研究中，糖尿病的患病率更高（8%）。年龄≥40 岁（调整后的优势比（AOR）：1.91（95%CI：1.05,3.49））、文盲（AOR：2.74（95%CI：1.18,6.34））、吸烟（AOR：1.97（95%CI：1.17,3.32））、体重指数（BMI）≥25kg/m（AOR：2.01（95%CI：1.46,2.27））、糖尿病家族史（AOR：6.14（95%CI：2.80,13.46））、高血压史（AOR：3.00（95%CI：1.13,7.95））和缺乏身体活动（AOR：5.79（95%CI：2.12,15.77））与埃塞俄比亚人群中的 2 型糖尿病显著相关。在本次综述中，2 型糖尿病的患病率较高。年龄较大、文盲、吸烟、BMI≥25、糖尿病家族史、高血压史和缺乏身体活动是 2 型糖尿病的危险因素。因此，需要进行健康教育和促进。此外，建议进行大规模前瞻性研究，以确定埃塞俄比亚人群中 2 型糖尿病的可能危险因素。
