Aynalem Shiferaw Birhanu, Zeleke Ayalew Jejaw
Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Int J Endocrinol. 2018 Apr 26;2018:9317987. doi: 10.1155/2018/9317987. eCollection 2018.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), which is related to cardiovascular disease, is one of the main global health problems. In Ethiopia, information about this disease is known to be scarce.
To assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among individuals aged 15 years and above.
A community-based cross sectional study was carried out from January 01 to March 30, 2016 in Mizan-Aman town, southwest Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. The World Health Organization (WHO) stepwise approach for noncommunicable disease surveillance was deployed to collect data. Total cholesterol and triglyceride level measurements were done using the HumaStar 80 chemistry analyzer. Glucose meter was used to check fasting venous blood glucose level. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used.
A total of 402 participants were included in the study. The prevalence of DM was found to be 6.5% (26 out of 402). Of which, the proportion of previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 88.5%. The prevalence of prediabetes was also found to be 15.9%. The waist circumference (WC), body mass index, smoking habit, hypertension, and total cholesterol level were significantly associated with diabetes mellitus.
In this study, higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus was observed than the IDFA-projected estimate of DM for Ethiopia. Modifiable associated risk factors were also identified. Therefore, targeting the prevention strategy to such modifiable risk factors might reduce the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and screening of DM particularly in those individuals having high WC, history of smoking habit, and hypertension needs attention.
糖尿病（DM）与心血管疾病相关，是全球主要的健康问题之一。在埃塞俄比亚，关于这种疾病的信息匮乏。
评估15岁及以上人群中糖尿病的患病率及其危险因素。
2016年1月1日至3月30日在埃塞俄比亚西南部的米赞-阿曼镇开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选择研究参与者。部署了世界卫生组织（WHO）用于非传染性疾病监测的逐步方法来收集数据。使用HumaStar 80化学分析仪测量总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平。使用血糖仪检测空腹静脉血糖水平。采用描述性分析和逻辑回归分析。
共有402名参与者纳入研究。发现糖尿病患病率为6.5%（402人中有26人）。其中，既往未诊断出的糖尿病比例为88.5%。还发现糖尿病前期患病率为15.9%。腰围（WC）、体重指数、吸烟习惯、高血压和总胆固醇水平与糖尿病显著相关。
在本研究中，观察到的糖尿病患病率高于国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）对埃塞俄比亚糖尿病预测的估计值。还确定了可改变的相关危险因素。因此，针对这些可改变的危险因素制定预防策略可能会降低糖尿病的患病率，尤其是对WC高、有吸烟习惯史和高血压的个体进行糖尿病筛查需要引起关注。
