School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Work. 2021;70(3):945-957. doi: 10.3233/WOR-213614.
Self-employment (SE) is a growing precarious and non-standard work arrangement internationally. Economically advanced countries that favor digital labor markets may be promoting the growth of a demographic of self-employed (SE'd) workers who are exposed to particular occupational diseases, sickness, and injury. However, little is known about how SE'd workers are supported when they are unable to work due to illness, injury, and disability.
Our objective was to critically review peer-reviewed literature focusing on advanced economies to understand how SE'd workers navigate, experience, or manage their injuries and illness when unable to work.
Using a critical interpretive lens, a systematic search was conducted of five databases. The search yielded 18 relevant articles, which were critically examined and synthesized.
Five major themes emerged from the review: (i) conceptualizing SE; (ii) double-edged sword; (iii) dynamics of illness, injury, and disability; (iv) formal and informal health management support systems; and (v) occupational health services and rehabilitation.
We find a lack of research distinguishing the work and health needs of different kinds of SE'd workers, taking into consideration class, gender, sector, and gig workers. Many articles noted poor social security system supports. Drawing on a social justice lens, we argue that SE'd workers make significant contributions to economies and are deserving of support from social security systems when ill or injured.
自雇（SE）是一种在国际上不断增长的不稳定和非标准的工作安排。经济发达的国家青睐数字劳动力市场，这可能促进了自雇（SE'd）工人的增长，他们面临着特定的职业病、疾病和伤害。然而，对于 SE'd 工人在因病、伤和残疾而无法工作时如何得到支持，人们知之甚少。
我们的目的是批判性地审查针对先进经济体的同行评议文献，以了解 SE'd 工人在无法工作时如何应对、经历或管理他们的伤病。
使用批判性解释学视角，对五个数据库进行了系统搜索。该搜索产生了 18 篇相关文章，对这些文章进行了批判性审查和综合分析。
从审查中出现了五个主要主题：（i）自雇的概念化；（ii）双刃剑；（iii）疾病、伤害和残疾的动态；（iv）正式和非正式的健康管理支持系统；以及（v）职业健康服务和康复。
我们发现缺乏研究能够区分不同类型的 SE'd 工人的工作和健康需求，考虑到阶级、性别、部门和零工工人。许多文章指出社会保障系统的支持不佳。从社会正义的视角出发，我们认为 SE'd 工人对经济做出了重大贡献，当他们生病或受伤时，应该得到社会保障系统的支持。
