Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine.
Ibaraki Health Plaza.
J Epidemiol. 2023 Feb 5;33(2):63-67. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20200562. Epub 2021 Nov 8.
Breastfeeding is said to prevent overweight and obesity in childhood but the evidence about its long-term impact on body size into adolescence and adulthood is scarce. We sought to examine the association between feeding types and subsequent physical size at the ages of 3, 6, 12, and 22 years.
The Ibaraki Children's Cohort (IBACHIL) Study, which began in 1992, involved a cohort of 4,592 Japanese children from 87 communities of a single prefecture whose parents answered health questionnaires about their child's health and life habits at the age of 3 years. Follow-up questionnaires were distributed to the same cohort when they were 6, 12, and 22 years old. Self-reported height and weight, body mass index (BMI), and overweight status at ages of 3 (n = 4,290), 6 (n = 1,999; proportion of participants analyzed = 47%), 12 (n = 2,227; 52%), and 22 (n = 1,459; 34%) years were compared according to feeding type (breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mixed feeding) during infancy.
At the age of 3 years, multivariable adjusted-mean weight and prevalence of overweight were less for breastfed children than those formula-fed in both boys (weight: 14.6 kg vs 14.7 kg, P = 0.07, overweight: 6.3% vs 9.3%, P = 0.03) and in girls (14.0 kg vs 14.2 kg, P = 0.01 and 10.4% vs 13.6%, P = 0.06). However, there were no statistically significant differences in weight, BMI, and overweight at the ages of 6, 12, and 22 years according to feeding type.
Breastfeeding may prevent overweight in childhood, but its impact is not significant in adolescence and adulthood.
母乳喂养据称可预防儿童超重和肥胖，但有关其对青春期和成年后身体大小的长期影响的证据很少。我们试图研究喂养类型与 3 岁、6 岁、12 岁和 22 岁时身体大小的后续关联。
始于 1992 年的茨城县儿童队列研究（IBACHIL）涉及来自该县 87 个社区的 4592 名日本儿童，他们的父母在孩子 3 岁时回答了有关其健康和生活习惯的健康问卷。当他们 6 岁、12 岁和 22 岁时，向同一队列分发了随访问卷。根据婴儿期的喂养类型（母乳喂养、配方奶喂养和混合喂养）比较了 3 岁（n = 4290）、6 岁（n = 1999；分析参与者的比例= 47%）、12 岁（n = 2227；52%）和 22 岁（n = 1459；34%）时的自我报告身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）和超重状态。
在 3 岁时，与配方奶喂养的儿童相比，母乳喂养的男孩（体重：14.6 公斤对 14.7 公斤，P = 0.07，超重：6.3%对 9.3%，P = 0.03）和女孩（体重：14.0 公斤对 14.2 公斤，P = 0.01和 10.4%对 13.6%，P = 0.06）的体重和超重的多变量调整后平均值较小。然而，根据喂养类型，在 6 岁、12 岁和 22 岁时，体重、BMI 和超重均无统计学差异。
母乳喂养可能会预防儿童超重，但对青春期和成年期的影响并不显著。
