Ionescu Anca Mirela, Pitsiladis Yannis P, Rozenstoka Sandra, Bigard Xavier, Löllgen Herbert, Bachl Norbert, Debruyne Andre, Pigozzi Fabio, Casasco Maurizio, Jegier Anna, Smaranda Alina Maria, Caramoci Adela, Papadopoulou Theodora
European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Sports Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucuresti, Romania.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2021 Oct 19;7(4):e001178. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001178. eCollection 2021.
Sports medicine is a medical specialty that supports the performance of professional and amateur athletes while maintaining their health. Sports medicine professionals need to ensure the safe participation of athletes in sports activities achieved through a periodical preparticipation evaluation (PPE) and a regular medical monitoring of the athletes' health in accordance with the latest recommendations regarding health condition and medical history, physical working capacity, training period and programme, recovery, nutrition, use of supplements, injuries prevention and safe return to play. In order to harmonise these national variations in the content and application of the PPE, the EFSMA Scientific and Educational Commission proposes a 'gold standard' for elite athletes across Europe. Important objectives of PPE are early detection and prevention of severe complications during sports activities both in leisure time and competitive sports. The PPE should entail the following diagnostic components: health status, anthropometry, functional and exercise capacity. It is of utmost importance to develop and implement preventive strategies such as the PPE. Besides monitoring the health status of athletes, the PPE plays an important role in the selection process, bringing valuable information for coaches and supporting a personalised treatment approach. Screening of athletes through a standardised digital PPE could be beneficial for a better understanding of the impact of long-term physical activity. Furthermore, PPE leads the scientific community to a way of working closer together in the interest of the athletes.
运动医学是一门医学专业，在维持职业和业余运动员健康的同时，支持他们的表现。运动医学专业人员需要通过定期的参赛前评估（PPE）以及根据有关健康状况和病史、身体工作能力、训练周期和计划、恢复、营养、补充剂使用、预防受伤和安全重返赛场的最新建议，对运动员的健康进行定期医学监测，来确保运动员安全参与体育活动。为了协调PPE在内容和应用方面的这些国家差异，欧洲运动医学联合会科学与教育委员会为欧洲各地的精英运动员提出了一项“黄金标准”。PPE的重要目标是在休闲时间和竞技体育的体育活动中早期发现并预防严重并发症。PPE应包含以下诊断内容：健康状况、人体测量学、功能和运动能力。制定并实施诸如PPE这样的预防策略至关重要。除了监测运动员的健康状况外，PPE在选拔过程中也发挥着重要作用，为教练提供有价值的信息，并支持个性化的治疗方法。通过标准化的数字PPE对运动员进行筛查，可能有助于更好地了解长期体育活动的影响。此外，PPE引导科学界为了运动员的利益而更紧密地合作。
