Lee Elaine C, Fragala Maren S, Kavouras Stavros A, Queen Robin M, Pryor John Luke, Casa Douglas J
1Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; 2Quest Diagnostics, Madison, New Jersey; 3Department of Health, Human Performance, & Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas; 4Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, Virginia; and 5Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fresno, California.
J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Oct;31(10):2920-2937. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002122.
Biomarker discovery and validation is a critical aim of the medical and scientific community. Research into exercise and diet-related biomarkers aims to improve health, performance, and recovery in military personnel, athletes, and lay persons. Exercise physiology research has identified individual biomarkers for assessing health, performance, and recovery during exercise training. However, there are few recommendations for biomarker panels for tracking changes in individuals participating in physical activity and exercise training programs. Our approach was to review the current literature and recommend a collection of validated biomarkers in key categories of health, performance, and recovery that could be used for this purpose. We determined that a comprehensive performance set of biomarkers should include key markers of (a) nutrition and metabolic health, (b) hydration status, (c) muscle status, (d) endurance performance, (e) injury status and risk, and (f) inflammation. Our review will help coaches, clinical sport professionals, researchers, and athletes better understand how to comprehensively monitor physiologic changes, as they design training cycles that elicit maximal improvements in performance while minimizing overtraining and injury risk.
生物标志物的发现与验证是医学和科学界的一项关键目标。对运动和饮食相关生物标志物的研究旨在改善军事人员、运动员及普通大众的健康状况、运动表现和恢复能力。运动生理学研究已经确定了用于评估运动训练期间健康状况、运动表现和恢复能力的个体生物标志物。然而，对于参与体育活动和运动训练项目的个体，跟踪其变化的生物标志物组合的建议却很少。我们的方法是回顾当前文献，并推荐一组经过验证的生物标志物，这些生物标志物涵盖健康、运动表现和恢复能力的关键类别，可用于此目的。我们确定，一套全面的运动表现生物标志物应包括以下关键标志物：（a）营养和代谢健康，（b）水合状态，（c）肌肉状态，（d）耐力表现，（e）损伤状态和风险，以及（f）炎症。我们的综述将帮助教练、临床运动专业人员、研究人员和运动员更好地理解如何在设计训练周期时全面监测生理变化，从而在最大限度提高运动表现的同时，将过度训练和受伤风险降至最低。
