Gestefeld Birte, Marsman Jan-Bernard, Cornelissen Frans W
Laboratory for Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Department of Neuroscience, Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences Neuro-Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Oct 21;8:689910. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.689910. eCollection 2021.
There is a need for more intuitive perimetric screening methods, which can also be performed by elderly people and children currently unable to perform standard automated perimetry (SAP). Ideally, these methods should also be easier to administer, such that they may be used outside of a regular clinical environment. We evaluated the suitability of various methodological and analytical approaches for detecting and localizing VFD in glaucoma patients, based on eye movement recordings. The present study consisted of two experiments. In experiment 1, we collected data from 20 glaucoma patients and 20 age-matched controls, who monocularly viewed 28 1-min video clips while their eyes were being tracked. In experiment 2, we re-analyzed a published dataset, that contained data of 44 glaucoma patients and 32 age-matched controls who had binocularly viewed three longer-duration (3, 5, and 7 min) video clips. For both experiments, we first examined if the two groups differed in the basic properties of their fixations and saccades. In addition, we computed the viewing priority (VP) of each participant. Following a previously reported approach, for each participant, we mapped their fixation locations and used kernel Principal Component Analysis (kPCA) to distinguish patients from controls. Finally, we attempted to reconstruct the location of a patient's VFD by mapping the relative fixation frequency and the VP across their visual field. We found direction dependent saccade amplitudes in glaucoma patients that often differed from those of the controls. Moreover, the kPCA indicated that the fixation maps of the two groups separated into two clusters based on the first two principal components. On average, glaucoma patients had a significantly lower VP than the controls, with this decrease depending on the specific video viewed. It is possible to detect the presence of VFD in glaucoma patients based on their gaze behavior made during video viewing. While this corroborates earlier conclusions, we show that it requires participants to view the videos monocularly. Nevertheless, we could not reconstruct the VFD with any of the evaluated methods, possibly due to compensatory eye movements made by the glaucoma patients.
需要更直观的视野筛查方法，目前无法进行标准自动视野计检查（SAP）的老年人和儿童也可以使用这些方法。理想情况下，这些方法的操作也应更简便，以便能够在常规临床环境之外使用。我们基于眼动记录评估了各种方法和分析方法在检测和定位青光眼患者视野缺损（VFD）方面的适用性。本研究包括两个实验。在实验1中，我们收集了20名青光眼患者和20名年龄匹配的对照的数据，他们单眼观看28个1分钟的视频片段，同时眼睛被跟踪。在实验2中，我们重新分析了一个已发表的数据集，该数据集包含44名青光眼患者和32名年龄匹配的对照的数据，他们双眼观看了三个较长时长（3、5和7分钟）的视频片段。对于这两个实验，我们首先检查两组在注视和扫视的基本特性上是否存在差异。此外，我们计算了每个参与者的观看优先级（VP）。按照先前报道的方法，对于每个参与者，我们绘制他们的注视位置，并使用核主成分分析（kPCA）来区分患者和对照。最后，我们试图通过绘制患者视野中相对注视频率和VP来重建患者VFD的位置。我们发现青光眼患者的扫视幅度存在方向依赖性，且常常与对照组不同。此外，kPCA表明，基于前两个主成分，两组的注视图分为两个簇。平均而言，青光眼患者的VP显著低于对照组，这种降低取决于所观看的特定视频。根据青光眼患者在观看视频时的注视行为，可以检测到他们存在视野缺损。虽然这证实了早期的结论，但我们表明这要求参与者单眼观看视频。然而，我们无法用任何评估方法重建视野缺损，可能是由于青光眼患者进行了代偿性眼动。
