School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, England.
Nurs Stand. 2022 Jan 5;37(1):46-50. doi: 10.7748/ns.2021.e11730. Epub 2021 Nov 8.
Delirium is an under-recognised condition which adversely affects deteriorating patients. Delirium can be an acute or long-term condition and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and extended length of hospital stay. The management of delirium is often reactive rather than proactive, which can lead to the inappropriate use of chemical and physical restraint to control agitation secondary to hyperactive delirium. Caring for patients with delirium presents physical and emotional challenges for nurses, who are sometimes inclined to use restraint, which should be a last resort. This article describes the challenges of caring for patients with delirium, presents the risk factors for and assessment of delirium, and describes the management of agitation secondary to hyperactive delirium. Support and education for nurses caring for patients with delirium is essential to ensure optimal patient care and avoid staff burnout.
谵妄是一种未被充分认识的病症，会对病情恶化的患者产生不利影响。谵妄既可以是急性的，也可以是慢性的，与发病率和死亡率的增加以及住院时间的延长有关。谵妄的管理通常是被动的，而不是主动的，这可能导致不恰当地使用化学和物理约束来控制因活跃性谵妄引起的激越。护理患有谵妄的患者给护士带来了身体和情感上的挑战，他们有时倾向于使用约束，而约束应该是最后的手段。本文描述了护理患有谵妄的患者所面临的挑战，介绍了谵妄的风险因素和评估，并描述了治疗因活跃性谵妄引起的激越。为护理患有谵妄的患者的护士提供支持和教育至关重要，以确保为患者提供最佳护理并避免员工倦怠。
