Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
'Sant'Andrea' University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Am J Clin Hypn. 2022 Aug;64(1):53-61. doi: 10.1080/00029157.2021.1895709.
Hypnosis is a hetero-induced or self-induced altered state of consciousness that involves focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness. It is determined by response to suggestions and can be used in the management of various clinical conditions. Nowadays there is growing attention to the neurobiological correlates of hypnosis because of its future clinical applications. The greater attention is due to the wide range of applications that might stem from its knowledge. Functional neuroimaging studies show that hypnosis affects attention by modulating the activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and other brain areas, modifying the conflict monitoring and cognitive control. During hypnoanalgesia, several changes in brain functions occur in all the areas of the pain network, and other brain areas. Among these, the anterior cingulate cortex is significantly involved in modulating the activity of pain circuits under hypnosis, both in the affective, sensory-cognitive, and behavioral aspects. The study of the functionality of the cingulate cortices, mainly the anterior and medial portions, appears to be crucial for better understanding the hypnotic phenomena, related to both the neurocognitive and somatosensory aspects.
催眠是一种异相或自我诱导的意识改变状态，涉及集中注意力和减少外围意识。它是通过对暗示的反应来确定的，可以用于各种临床情况的管理。由于其未来的临床应用，现在越来越关注催眠的神经生物学相关性。这种关注的增加是由于其广泛的应用可能源于对它的了解。功能神经影像学研究表明，催眠通过调节前扣带皮层和其他大脑区域的激活来影响注意力，从而改变冲突监测和认知控制。在催眠镇痛过程中，疼痛网络的所有区域以及其他大脑区域的脑功能都会发生一些变化。其中，前扣带皮层在调节催眠下疼痛回路的活动方面起着重要作用，涉及情感、感觉认知和行为方面。对扣带皮质功能的研究，主要是前扣带和内扣带部分，对于更好地理解与神经认知和体感方面相关的催眠现象似乎至关重要。
