Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
J Control Release. 2021 Dec 10;340:292-307. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.004. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
Ligands, mostly binding to proteins to form complexes and catalyze chemical reactions, can serve as drug and probe molecules, as well as sensing elements. DNA nanotechnology can integrate the high editability of DNA nanostructures and the biological activity of ligands into functionalized DNA nanostructures in a manner of controlled ligand stoichiometry, type, and arrangement, which provides significant advantages for targeted therapeutics and diagnostics. As therapeutic agents, multiple- and multivalent-ligands functionalized DNA nanostructures increase ligand-receptor affinity and activate multivalent ligand-receptor interactions, enabling improved regulation of cell signaling and enhanced control of cell behavior. As diagnostic agents, multiple ligands interaction via DNA nanostructures endows DNA nanosensors with high sensitivity and excellent signal transduction capability. Herein, we review the principles and advantages of using DNA nanostructures to manipulate ligands for targeted therapeutics and diagnostics and provide future perspectives.
配体主要与蛋白质结合形成复合物并催化化学反应，可作为药物和探针分子，以及传感元件。DNA 纳米技术可以将 DNA 结构的高度可编辑性和配体的生物活性整合到具有功能化的 DNA 纳米结构中，以控制配体的化学计量、类型和排列，这为靶向治疗和诊断提供了显著的优势。作为治疗剂，多配体和多价配体功能化的 DNA 纳米结构增加了配体-受体的亲和力并激活了多价配体-受体相互作用，从而改善了细胞信号的调节并增强了对细胞行为的控制。作为诊断剂，通过 DNA 纳米结构的多个配体相互作用赋予 DNA 纳米传感器高灵敏度和优异的信号转导能力。本文综述了利用 DNA 纳米结构操纵配体进行靶向治疗和诊断的原理和优势，并提供了未来的展望。
