Ahmad Kabir, Kabir Enamul, Ormsby Gail M, Khanam Rasheda
School of Business, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia.
Research Unit, Purple Informatics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Arch Public Health. 2021 Nov 9;79(1):193. doi: 10.1186/s13690-021-00718-w.
This study investigated the prevalence of wheezing, asthma, and eczema among Australian children using longitudinal data from birth to 15 years of age. This study also examined the association between maternal health status during pregnancy and their offspring's respiratory and allergic morbidities using sex-segregated data.
This study used data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) where approximately 5000 children of a birth cohort across Australia were surveyed in 2004. These children were followed biennially in eight waves up to their age of 15 years until 2018. The status of the children's wheezing, asthma, and eczema were reported by the mothers upon doctors' diagnosis (for asthma) or self-assessment (for wheezing or eczema). Binomial logistic regression models were used to analyse associations between maternal health during pregnancy and their children's health outcomes.
Asthma prevalence among 0-1-year aged children was 11.7%, increased to 15.4% when the children were 10-11 years old, and then decreased to 13.6% when they were 14-15 years old. Wheezing and eczema were most prevalent when the children were 2-3 years old (26.0 and 17.8% respectively) and were least prevalent when the children were 14-15 years old (7.3 and 9.5% respectively). Maternal asthma, smoking during pregnancy, and pre-pregnancy obesity were significantly associated with an increased risk of wheezing and asthma in Australian children. Childhood eczema was associated only with maternal asthma. These associations were stronger among male children up to age 10-11 and during adolescence (12-15 years of age), female children were more prone to wheezing, asthma, and eczema.
This is a comprehensive longitudinal study of Australian children (0-15 years of age) to assess the prevalence (with sex-specific differences) of wheezing, asthma and eczema as well as the association between these respiratory and allergic morbidities and maternal health during pregnancy. The study findings suggest that careful medical and obstetric monitoring, improved specific age-sex wise risk factor prevention for children and health promotion for pregnant women would help protect child health.
本研究利用从出生到15岁的纵向数据调查了澳大利亚儿童中喘息、哮喘和湿疹的患病率。本研究还使用按性别分类的数据，研究了孕期母亲健康状况与其后代呼吸和过敏性疾病之间的关联。
本研究使用了澳大利亚儿童纵向研究（LSAC）的数据，2004年对澳大利亚一个出生队列中的约5000名儿童进行了调查。这些儿童每两年随访一次，共进行八次随访，直至2018年他们15岁。儿童的喘息、哮喘和湿疹状况由母亲根据医生诊断（哮喘）或自我评估（喘息或湿疹）进行报告。使用二项逻辑回归模型分析孕期母亲健康状况与其子女健康结果之间的关联。
0至1岁儿童的哮喘患病率为11.7%，10至11岁时升至15.4%，14至15岁时降至13.6%。喘息和湿疹在儿童2至3岁时最为普遍（分别为26.0%和17.8%），在儿童14至15岁时最为少见（分别为7.3%和9.5%）。母亲哮喘、孕期吸烟和孕前肥胖与澳大利亚儿童喘息和哮喘风险增加显著相关。儿童湿疹仅与母亲哮喘有关。在10至11岁及青春期（12至15岁）之前，这些关联在男性儿童中更强，而女性儿童更容易出现喘息、哮喘和湿疹。
这是一项针对澳大利亚儿童（0至15岁）的全面纵向研究，旨在评估喘息、哮喘和湿疹的患病率（存在性别差异），以及这些呼吸和过敏性疾病与孕期母亲健康之间的关联。研究结果表明，仔细的医疗和产科监测、针对儿童改进特定年龄-性别的危险因素预防以及促进孕妇健康将有助于保护儿童健康。
