School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 Nov 9;21(1):1217. doi: 10.1186/s12913-021-07259-6.
BACKGROUND: HIV testing among men in sub-Saharan Africa is sub-optimal. Despite several strategies to improve access to underserved populations, evidence regarding engaging men in professional and formal occupations in HIV testing is limited. This study explored employed professional men's preferences for uptake of HIV self-testing, and linkage to HIV care, or prevention services. METHODS: This was an explorative-descriptive qualitative study where a sample of 33 men from six Ugandan urban centres. Participants were purposively selected guided by the International Standard Classification of Occupations to participate in in-depth interviews. The data were collected using an interview guide and the sample size was determined by data saturation. Eligibility criteria included fulltime formal employment for over a year at that organization. The data were analyzed manually using thematic content analysis. RESULTS: Three categories emerged: uptake of HIV self-tests, process of HIV self-testing and linkage to post-test services. The different modes of distribution of HIV self-test kits included secondary distribution, self-tests at typically male dominated spaces, delivery to workplaces and technology-based delivery. The process of HIV self-testing may be optimized by providing collection bins, and mHealth or mobile phone applications. Linkage to further care or prevention services may be enhanced using medical insurance providers, giving incentives and tele counselling. CONCLUSION: We recommend utilization of several channels for the uptake of HIV self-tests. These include distribution of test kits both to offices and men's leisure and recreation 'hot spots', Additionally, female partners, peers and established men's group including social media groups can play a role in improving the uptake of HIV self-testing. Mobile phones and digital technology can be applied in innovative ways for the return of test results and to strengthen linkage to care or prevention services. Partnership with medical insurers may be critical in engaging men in professional employment in HIV services.
背景：撒哈拉以南非洲地区男性的艾滋病毒检测率不理想。尽管采取了多种策略来增加服务对象的检测机会，但有关让从事专业和正规职业的男性参与艾滋病毒检测的证据有限。本研究探讨了就业男性对接受艾滋病毒自我检测以及与艾滋病毒护理或预防服务联系的偏好。
方法：这是一项探索性描述性定性研究，在乌干达六个城市中心，选择了 33 名男性作为样本。参与者根据《国际职业标准分类》有目的地选择，参加深入访谈。使用访谈指南收集数据，样本量根据数据饱和确定。入选标准包括在该组织全职正规就业一年以上。使用主题内容分析法对数据进行手动分析。
结果：出现了三个类别：艾滋病毒自我检测的接受程度、艾滋病毒自我检测的过程和与检测后服务的联系。艾滋病毒自我检测试剂盒的分发方式包括二级分发、在男性主导的场所进行自我检测、向工作场所分发和基于技术的分发。艾滋病毒自我检测的过程可以通过提供收集箱、移动健康或移动应用程序来优化。通过医疗保险提供者、提供激励措施和远程咨询，可以加强与进一步护理或预防服务的联系。
结论：我们建议利用多种渠道来接受艾滋病毒自我检测。这些渠道包括向办公室和男性休闲娱乐“热点”分发检测包。此外，女性伴侣、同伴和既定的男性团体，包括社交媒体团体，可以在提高艾滋病毒自我检测的接受度方面发挥作用。移动电话和数字技术可以以创新的方式应用于检测结果的返回，并加强与护理或预防服务的联系。与医疗保险提供者合作对于让从事专业职业的男性参与艾滋病毒服务可能至关重要。
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