Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France.
Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2022 Jul;18(7):1424-1437. doi: 10.1002/alz.12486. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
The role of nutrition has been investigated for decades under the assumption of one-size-fits-all. Yet there is heterogeneity in metabolic and neurobiological responses to diet. Thus a more personalized approach may better fit biological reality and have increased efficacy to prevent dementia. Personalized nutrition builds on the food exposome, defined as the history of diet-related exposures over the lifetime, and on its interactions with the genome and other biological characteristics (eg, metabolism, the microbiome) to shape health. We review current advances of personalized nutrition in dementia research. We discuss key questions, success milestones, and future roadmap from observational epidemiology to clinical studies through basic science. A personalized nutrition approach based on the best prescription for the most appropriate target population in the most relevant time-window has the potential to strengthen dementia-prevention efforts.
几十年来，人们一直假设营养是一种“一刀切”的方法，因此一直在研究营养的作用。然而，代谢和神经生物学对饮食的反应存在异质性。因此，更个性化的方法可能更符合生物学现实，并能提高预防痴呆的效果。个性化营养以食物暴露组学为基础，定义为一生中与饮食相关的暴露史，并与基因组和其他生物特征（如代谢、微生物组）相互作用，以塑造健康。我们综述了个性化营养在痴呆症研究中的最新进展。我们通过基础科学，从观察性流行病学到临床研究，讨论了关键问题、成功的里程碑和未来的路线图。基于最适合目标人群的最佳方案，在最相关的时间窗口内采用个性化营养方法，有可能加强预防痴呆症的努力。
