Rieger A, Meylan M, Hauser C, Knubben-Schweizer G
Klinik für Wiederkäuer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Wiederkäuerklinik, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Bern.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2021 Nov;164(11):737-751. doi: 10.17236/sat00324.
Especially in regions with intensive cattle farming, paratuberculosis in ruminants can cause considerable economic losses for example through loss of sick animals, reduced milk yield and decreased reproduction performance. Although quantifying the actual economic losses is complex, this study attempts to quantify the losses caused by paratuberculosis in infected dairy farms in Switzerland by means of meta-analyses. For this purpose, in an elaborate selection process, data from 12 studies on milk yield and from three studies on the calving to conception interval were finally selected for further calculations. In addition, data from eight studies each on milk fat concentration and milk protein concentration were evaluated. For the meta-analyses, only studies in which «sick» (seropositive) and «healthy» (seronegative) animals based on the results of serum ELISA tests were compared at the individual animal level were considered. With a paratuberculosis prevalence of 5,99 % in cattle in Switzerland, a total loss of CHF 12 034 329,96 (95 % CI [CHF 8 625 406,02; CHF 16 409 276,30]; 11 095 652,20 € [7 952 624,35 €; 15 129 352,70 €]) per year was calculated for a population of 559 900 dairy cows. The main part of the losses is caused by an extended calving to conception interval: Seropositive animals need an average of 14,93 days longer (95 % CI [1,73; 28,13]) from calving to successful insemination as seronegative animals. This results in total costs for the extended calving to conception interval due to paratuberculosis of CHF 7 365 591,21 per year (95 % CI [CHF 900 394,95; CHF 14 838 087,61]; 6 791 075,10 € [830 164,14 €; 13 680 716,80 €]). Milk yield reduction based on a lactation period of 305 days results in an economic loss of CHF 4 668 738,75 per year (95 % CI [CHF 1 571 188,69; CHF 7 725 011,07]; 4 304 577,13 € [1 448 635,97 €; 7 122 460,21 €]). Milk fat and milk protein content were not found to be significantly changed. Despite a large number of studies in the screening phase, it was not possible to calculate all types of losses attributable to paratuberculosis due to lack of comparability between the studies, which is essential for meta-analyses. Nevertheless, it was possible to carry out four different meta-analyses, the results of which give a first impression of the economic importance of paratuberculosis in dairy cows in Switzerland.
尤其是在养牛业密集的地区，反刍动物的副结核病会造成可观的经济损失，例如病畜死亡、产奶量下降和繁殖性能降低。尽管量化实际经济损失很复杂，但本研究试图通过荟萃分析来量化瑞士受感染奶牛场中副结核病造成的损失。为此，在一个精心的筛选过程中，最终从12项关于产奶量的研究和3项关于产犊至受孕间隔的研究中选取数据进行进一步计算。此外，还评估了8项关于乳脂浓度和乳蛋白浓度的研究数据。对于荟萃分析，仅考虑那些在个体动物水平上基于血清ELISA检测结果对“患病”（血清阳性）和“健康”（血清阴性）动物进行比较的研究。瑞士奶牛的副结核病患病率为5.99%，对于559900头奶牛的群体，每年计算得出的总损失为12034329.96瑞士法郎（95%置信区间[8625406.02瑞士法郎；16409276.30瑞士法郎]；11095652.20欧元[7952624.35欧元；15129352.70欧元]）。损失的主要部分是由延长的产犊至受孕间隔造成的：血清阳性动物从产犊到成功受孕平均比血清阴性动物多需要14.93天（95%置信区间[1.73；28.13]）。这导致因副结核病导致的产犊至受孕间隔延长每年的总成本为7365591.21瑞士法郎（95%置信区间[900394.95瑞士法郎；14838087.61瑞士法郎]；6791075.10欧元[830164.14欧元；13680716.80欧元]）。基于305天的泌乳期，产奶量下降导致每年经济损失4668738.75瑞士法郎（95%置信区间[1571188.69瑞士法郎；7725011.07瑞士法郎]；4304577.13欧元[1448635.97欧元；7122460.21欧元]）。未发现乳脂和乳蛋白含量有显著变化。尽管在筛选阶段有大量研究，但由于研究之间缺乏可比性，而这对于荟萃分析至关重要，所以无法计算出副结核病造成的所有类型的损失。然而，仍有可能进行四项不同的荟萃分析，其结果初步显示了瑞士奶牛副结核病的经济重要性。
