Determination of Capsular Serotypes, Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern, and Molecular Mechanism of Erythromycin Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Group B in Isfahan, Iran.

BACKGROUND

Documented streptococcal resistance to erythromycin has recently been raised. The aim of this study is to identify the molecular mechanism of erythromycin resistance among group B (GBS) strains and to correlate with the clinical origin of strains.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total number of 134 colonizing ( = 36), invasive ( = 36), noninvasive ( = 46), and asymptomatic ( = 16) GBS isolates were characterized by the detection of gene, capsular serotyping, antibiotic susceptibility profiles using disc diffusion method, and screening of the , , and resistance genes.

RESULTS

The distribution of capsular serotypes was as follow: serotype III (24.6%), Ia (21.6%), V (17.9%), Ib (14.9%), II (8.9%), IV (8.9%), VI (1.5%), and VII (1.5%). From 134 GBS isolates, 51 (38%) isolates were resistant to erythromycin. The constitutive macrolide lincosamide streptogrmin B (MLSB) was the most common resistance phenotype (62.7%), followed by inducible MLSB (27.4%) and M phenotype (9.8%). Erythromycin resistance rate was higher among asymptomatic GBS strains (13/16, 81.2%). Serotype III was the most prevalent type among resistant isolates (41.1%). The ermB gene highly distributed among resistant strains (64.7%), followed by (21.5%) and (9.8%). The gene was related to constitutive MLSB phenotype (84.3%, < 0.05) and serotypes III (61.9%), Ib (87.5%), and V (83.3%). All M phenotype strains harbored gene and were in association with serotype Ia (90%).

CONCLUSION

The current study suggests that ribosomal modification with erm genes is the main mechanism of erythromycin resistance. Because of relatively high prevalence of erythromycin resistance, double disc test highly recommended for GBS disease treatment and intrapartum prophylaxis among penicillin intolerant patients in our region.