意大利机构养老老年人群体中衰弱的患病率及其相关因素：横断面阿尔维塞·科尔纳罗中心研究的结果

The prevalence of frailty and its associated factors in an Italian institutionalized older population: findings from the cross-sectional Alvise Cornaro Center Study.

作者信息

Siviero Paola, Limongi Federica, Noale Marianna, Della Dora Franco, Martini Alessandro, Castiglione Alessandro, Masiero Stefano, Sergi Giuseppe, Maggi Stefania

机构信息

National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute - Aging Branch, via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.

Associate Medical Office, Abano Terme, PD, Italy.

出版信息

Aging Clin Exp Res. 2022 May;34(5):1103-1112. doi: 10.1007/s40520-021-02020-9. Epub 2021 Nov 11.

DOI:10.1007/s40520-021-02020-9

PMID:34762253

Abstract

BACKGROUND

While it is well established that frail older people have a higher risk of negative health outcomes, the prevalence of frailty and its associated factors in Italian older institutionalized population has never been investigated.

AIMS

The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of frailty and to identify its associated factors in an Italian residential care home population.

METHODS

An observational cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate older people aged 70 or over of an Italian residential care home. A multidimensional assessment examining functional, geriatric, ophthalmic, and audiological domains was carried out to identify factors associated with frailty. Physical frailty was evaluated using Fried's criteria.

RESULTS

Data analysis uncovered a 51.1% prevalence of pre-frailty and a 40.4% prevalence of frailty in the 94 eligible participants (64 females) whose data were complete. The multivariable analysis showed that a low education level (OR = 5.12, 95% CI 1.22-21.49), a low physical quality of life score (OR = 13.25, 95% CI 3.51-50.08), a low mental quality of life score (OR = 9.22, 95% CI 2.38-35.69), visual impairment (OR = 7.65, 95% CI 1.77-33.14), and hearing impairment (OR = 4.62, 95% CI 1.03-20.66) were independently associated with frailty.

CONCLUSIONS

Frailty was found to be highly prevalent in the residential care home studied. Since frailty is a reversible condition, identifying the modifiable factors associated to it should be viewed as an important step in planning and implementing targeted, early prevention strategies.

摘要

背景

尽管体弱的老年人出现不良健康结局的风险更高这一点已得到充分证实，但意大利老年机构化人群中虚弱的患病率及其相关因素从未被研究过。

目的

本研究的目的是评估意大利一家养老院人群中虚弱的患病率，并确定其相关因素。

方法

设计了一项观察性横断面研究，以评估意大利一家养老院中70岁及以上的老年人。进行了一项多维度评估，检查功能、老年病学、眼科和听力学领域，以确定与虚弱相关的因素。使用弗里德标准评估身体虚弱情况。

结果

在94名数据完整的符合条件的参与者（64名女性）中，数据分析发现虚弱前期的患病率为51.1%，虚弱的患病率为40.4%。多变量分析显示，低教育水平（OR = 5.12，95%CI 1.22 - 21.49）、低身体生活质量评分（OR = 13.25，95%CI 3.51 - 50.08）、低心理生活质量评分（OR = 9.22，95%CI 2.38 - 35.69）、视力障碍（OR = 7.65，95%CI 1.77 - 33.14）和听力障碍（OR = 4.62，95%CI 1.03 - 20.66）与虚弱独立相关。