CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Int J Pharm. 2021 Dec 15;610:121273. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121273. Epub 2021 Nov 8.
The importance of the hair follicle in the process of cutaneous drug penetration has been established since this skin appendage was recognized as an entry point for topically applied substances. A comprehensive review on the hair follicle as a target per se is here provided, exploring the current knowledge on both targeted regions and delivery systems that take advantage of this permeation route. The follicular penetration is a complex process, whose effectiveness and efficiency strongly depends on a diversity of different factors including follicular density and size, activity status of hair follicles and physicochemical properties of the topically applied substances. Nanocarriers represent a heterogeneous assembly of molecules organized into particles and they have revolutionized drug delivery in several areas of medicine, pharmacology and cosmetics. As they possess an inherent ability to use the follicular route, they are reviewed here having in perspective the hair follicle zones that they are able to reach as reported. In this way, a follicular road map for the different delivery systems was compiled to assist as a guiding tool for those that have interest in the development and/or application of such delivery systems for hair and skin treatment or care.
自毛囊被认为是局部应用物质的进入点以来，其在皮肤药物渗透过程中的重要性已得到确立。本文对毛囊作为靶点本身进行了全面综述，探讨了靶向区域和利用这种渗透途径的输送系统的最新知识。毛囊渗透是一个复杂的过程，其有效性和效率强烈取决于多种不同的因素，包括毛囊密度和大小、毛囊的活性状态以及局部应用物质的物理化学性质。纳米载体是一种由分子组织成的颗粒的异质组装体，它们在医学、药理学和化妆品的多个领域彻底改变了药物输送。由于它们具有利用毛囊途径的固有能力，因此在这里对它们进行了综述，着眼于它们能够到达的毛囊区域，如报道的那样。通过这种方式，为不同的输送系统编制了一个毛囊路线图，以作为那些对毛发和皮肤治疗或护理的此类输送系统的开发和/或应用感兴趣的人的指导工具。
