Department of Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy.
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2021 Dec;55:102061. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2021.102061. Epub 2021 Nov 6.
The present study aimed to qualitatively examine the perspectives of nurses about physical activity in cancer patients.
A purposive sample of nurses was recruited by email. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, focus group interviews were conducted. The discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Fourteen nurses working in different wards of Verona Hospital participated in the study. Transcripts were categorized according to the Theory of the Planned Behavior in the following themes: attitude, subjective norms, perceived control, and intention. Nurses identified a series of psycho-physical benefits deriving from physical activity for cancer patients. In contrast, the main risk of promoting an active lifestyle was the boomerang effect of making the patients aware of their physical deconditioning. Nurses' colleagues seemed not supportive in the physical activity promotion in cancer, whereas cancer patients and their caregivers could gladly accept the nurse counseling about performing physical activity. Different barriers, such as lack of time, lack of exercise specialists to consult, and the idea that it is a topic out of a nurse's competence, may hamper the physical activity promotion. A teamwork approach, availability of specific tools, and targeted interventions were found important features facilitating the nurse counseling. The nurses' intention to promote physical activity was not so strong and appeared to be influenced by lack of knowledge about physical activity.
Educational sessions about physical activity guidelines for cancer patients are required to enhance nurses' confidence and intention towards physical activity promotion.
本研究旨在定性探讨护士对癌症患者身体活动的看法。
通过电子邮件招募了有目的的护士样本。基于计划行为理论，进行了焦点小组访谈。讨论内容被录音、逐字转录，并通过主题分析进行分析。
14 名在维罗纳医院不同病房工作的护士参与了这项研究。根据计划行为理论，抄本被归类为以下主题：态度、主观规范、感知控制和意图。护士确定了一系列身体活动对癌症患者的身心益处。相比之下，促进积极生活方式的主要风险是让患者意识到自己身体状况不佳的“反弹效应”。护士的同事似乎不支持在癌症中促进身体活动，而癌症患者及其照顾者可能很乐意接受护士关于进行身体活动的咨询。缺乏时间、缺乏可咨询的运动专家以及认为这是超出护士能力范围的话题等不同障碍可能会阻碍身体活动的推广。团队合作方法、特定工具的可用性和针对性干预被认为是促进护士咨询的重要特征。护士促进身体活动的意愿并不强烈，似乎受到缺乏身体活动知识的影响。
需要开展关于癌症患者身体活动指南的教育课程，以增强护士对促进身体活动的信心和意愿。
