Fadil Raja A, Abdelmutalab Nuha A, Abdelhafeez Sitalnesa A, Mazi Walid, Algamdi Sultan, Shelwy Muzana M, Bouafia Nabiha, Alzahrani Salih E
Public Health Department and Education Department King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital, Al Taif-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia.
Infection Control Department, King Faisal Medical Complex. AlTaif- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Nov;28(11):6582-6585. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.031. Epub 2021 Jul 14.
Occupational exposure of healthcare workers to blood and body fluids following skin injury constitutes a risk for transmission of blood-borne pathogens. The risk of exposure is greater as well. The present study aimed to determine the burden and risk factors of sharp object injuries in two tertiary hospitals in the Taif City KSA. Retrospective review of needle stick injury records was included from the two hospital's staff clinics. A Total of 131 health professionals (employees) recorded as exposed to sharp object injuries from both hospitals were enrolled during period 2016-2018. The collected data was cleaned, reviewed and analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences SPSS ver. 25. The result of the study revealed that, the mean age for the 131 enrolled participants was 31 ± 6.6, Male to Female Ratio was 1:3. The most affected age group was 20-30 years (55.7%). Females were more affected 98 out of 131 (74.8%) than male (33out of 131 (25.2%). And there is increasing incidence rates of exposure from 2.89 /10.000 patient/day in 2016 to 3.42/ 10.000 patients'/day in 2017, with highest exposed nationalities; Filipino 42 (32.1%), Saudi 31 (23.7%), and Indians 26 (19.8%), the remaining 24.5% were from 10 mixed nationalities. The frequent affected divisions were: ER, surgical ward, operation room, ICU, laboratory, Medical W, Medical waste facilities (19.8%, 15%, 12.2%, 9.2%, 92% respectively). The most affected HCWs categories were nurses 74(56.5%), doctor 23(17.6%) and housekeeping 18 (13.7%). And the needle prick 104(79.4%) and cut wound 15(11.5%) constitute the highest type of injuries and were during operation 23 (17.6%), waste collection 15 (11.5%), cannulation 12 (9.2%) and giving injection 12 (9.2%). The common devices caused injuries were bore hole needle 63(48.1%), suture needle **(13.7%), cannula and insulin syringe 13 (9.9%) each. This study concluded that, as from 2016-2018, there was an increasing rate of reported accidental exposure to sharp needle injuries amongst HCWs from 3.0 to 3.4/10.000 patient/day, and the younger and nurses were mostly impacted. Workplace, distress, work types and load had influences on injuries rates and types. Fortunately, no exposure among employee with HBV, HCV and HIV seroconversion were documented.
医护人员在皮肤受伤后职业性接触血液和体液会构成血源性病原体传播的风险。暴露风险也更高。本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯塔伊夫市两家三级医院锐器伤的负担及危险因素。对两家医院员工诊所的针刺伤记录进行回顾性分析。在2016年至2018年期间，共有131名被记录为遭受锐器伤的卫生专业人员（员工）参与研究。收集的数据使用社会科学统计软件包SPSS 25.0进行清理、审核和分析。研究结果显示，131名参与研究的参与者的平均年龄为31±6.6岁，男女比例为1:3。受影响最大的年龄组为20至30岁（55.7%）。女性受影响更严重，131人中有98人（74.8%），男性为131人中有33人（25.2%）。暴露发生率从2016年的2.89/10000患者/天上升至2017年的3.42/10000患者/天，受影响人数最多的国籍为：菲律宾人42名（32.1%）、沙特人31名（23.7%）、印度人26名（19.8%），其余24.5%来自10个混合国籍。经常受影响的科室为：急诊科、外科病房、手术室、重症监护室、实验室、内科病房、医疗废物处理设施（分别为19.8%、15%、12.2%、9.2%、9.2%）。受影响最严重的医护人员类别为护士74名（56.5%）、医生23名（17.6%）和保洁员18名（13.7%）。针刺伤104例（79.4%）和切割伤15例（11.5%）构成最高类型的损伤，且发生在手术期间的有23例（17.6%）、废物收集期间的有15例（11.5%）、插管期间的有12例（9.2%）和注射期间的有12例（9.2%）。造成损伤的常见器械为钻孔针63例（48.1%）、缝合针**（13.7%）、套管针和胰岛素注射器各13例（9.9%）。本研究得出结论，从2016年至2018年，医护人员中报告的意外锐器伤暴露率从3.0/10000患者/天上升至3.4/10000患者/天，年轻人和护士受影响最大。工作场所、压力、工作类型和工作量对损伤率和类型有影响。幸运的是，未记录到员工发生乙肝、丙肝和艾滋病毒血清转化的暴露情况。
