埃塞俄比亚医护人员针刺伤的流行率：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Prevalence of needlestick injury among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Unit of Quality Assurance and Laboratory Management, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2019 Aug 14;24(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12199-019-0807-7.
BACKGROUND
Health facilities can provide diagnostic, curative, and prognostic services for the community. While providing services, healthcare workers can be exposed to needlestick injuries that can transmit pathogenic organisms through body fluids.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to establish the pooled prevalence of needlestick injuries among healthcare workers in Ethiopia.
METHODS
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Articles were searched from Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases using a combination of keywords and Boolean functions. All the searched articles were imported into the EndNote X9 software, and then, duplicate data files were removed. Article screening and data extraction were done independently by two authors. Data manipulation and analyses were done using STATA version 15.1 software.
RESULTS
The analysis of 23 full-text articles showed that the prevalence of the 12-month and lifetime needlestick injuries among the primary studies ranged from 13.2 to 55.1% and 18.6 to 63.6%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of needlestick injuries among the Ethiopian healthcare workers was 28.8% (95% CI 23.0-34.5) and 43.6% (95% CI 35.3-52.0) for the 12 months and lifetime, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The pooled prevalence of needlestick injuries among Ethiopian healthcare workers was high. Therefore, efforts should be implemented to reduce the occurrence of injuries. Adequate protective equipment and safety-engineered devices should be supplied for the healthcare workers. It could be more effective to reduce the factors contributing to increased exposures through the allocation of adequate numbers of the healthcare workforce and implementing in-service training.
背景
医疗机构可为社区提供诊断、治疗和预后服务。医护人员在提供服务的过程中可能会接触到针刺伤，这些伤可能会通过体液传播病原体。
目的
旨在确定埃塞俄比亚医护人员针刺伤的综合患病率。
方法
本系统评价和荟萃分析按照 PRISMA 指南进行。使用关键词和布尔函数的组合，从 Google Scholar、PubMed、Science Direct 和 Scopus 数据库中搜索文章。将所有搜索到的文章导入 EndNote X9 软件，然后删除重复的数据文件。由两位作者独立进行文章筛选和数据提取。使用 STATA 版本 15.1 软件进行数据处理和分析。
结果
对 23 篇全文文章的分析表明，原始研究中 12 个月和终生针刺伤的患病率范围分别为 13.2%至 55.1%和 18.6%至 63.6%。埃塞俄比亚医护人员的针刺伤综合患病率分别为 12 个月时的 28.8%（95%CI 23.0-34.5）和终生时的 43.6%（95%CI 35.3-52.0）。
结论
埃塞俄比亚医护人员的针刺伤综合患病率较高。因此，应努力减少伤害的发生。应为医护人员提供足够的防护设备和安全工程设备。通过分配足够数量的医护人员和实施在职培训来减少导致暴露增加的因素，可能会更有效。
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