White Graham, Pearce Lauren, Vagie Daniel, Kusenko Alexander
Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan.
Pennsylvania State University-New Kensington, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2021 Oct 29;127(18):181601. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.181601.
In Affleck-Dine baryogenesis, the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe is generated through the evolution of the vacuum expectation value of a scalar condensate. This scalar condensate generically fragments into nontopological solitons (Q balls). If they are sufficiently long-lived, they lead to an early matter domination epoch, which enhances the primordial gravitational wave signal for modes that enter the horizon during this epoch. The sudden decay of the Q balls results in a rapid transition from matter to radiation domination, producing a sharp peak in the gravitational wave power spectrum. Avoiding the gravitino over-abundance problem favors scenarios where the peak frequency of the resonance is within the range of the Einstein telescope and/or DECIGO. This observable signal provides a mechanism to test Affleck-Dine baryogenesis.
在阿弗莱克-迪内重子生成过程中，宇宙中观测到的重子不对称性是通过标量凝聚体真空期望值的演化产生的。这种标量凝聚体通常会碎裂成非拓扑孤子（Q球）。如果它们寿命足够长，就会导致早期物质主导时期，这会增强在该时期进入视界的模式的原初引力波信号。Q球的突然衰变会导致从物质主导迅速转变为辐射主导，从而在引力波功率谱中产生一个尖峰。避免引力子过量问题有利于共振峰值频率在爱因斯坦望远镜和/或DECIGO范围内的情形。这个可观测信号提供了一种检验阿弗莱克-迪内重子生成的机制。
