Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 27;22(21):11614. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111614.
(1) Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable, neurodegenerative disease. In some cases, ALS causes behavioral disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Swimming has revealed a neuroprotective influence on the motor neurons in ALS. (2) Methods: In the present study, a SOD1-G93A mice model of ALS were used, with wild-type B6SJL mice as controls. ALS mice were analyzed before ALS onset (10th week of life), at ALS 1 onset (first symptoms of the disease, ALS 1 onset, and ALS 1 onset SWIM), and at terminal ALS (last stage of the disease, ALS TER, and ALS TER SWIM), and compared with wild-type mice. Swim training was applied 5 times per week for 30 min. All mice underwent behavioral tests. The spinal cord was analyzed for the enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers. (3) Results: Pre-symptomatic ALS mice showed increased locomotor activity versus control mice; the swim training reduced these symptoms. The metabolic changes in the spinal cord were present at the pre-symptomatic stage of the disease with a shift towards glycolytic processes at the terminal stage of ALS. Swim training caused an adaptation, resulting in higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and protection against oxidative stress. (4) Conclusion: Therapeutic aquatic activity might slow down the progression of ALS.
(1) 背景：肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）是一种无法治愈的神经退行性疾病。在某些情况下，ALS 会导致行为障碍和认知功能障碍。游泳对 ALS 中的运动神经元具有神经保护作用。(2) 方法：本研究使用 SOD1-G93A 型 ALS 小鼠模型，以野生型 B6SJL 小鼠作为对照。在 ALS 发病前（第 10 周）、ALS 发病时（疾病的第一个症状，ALS 发病时和 ALS 发病时游泳）和终末期 ALS（疾病的最后阶段，ALS TER 和 ALS TER 游泳）时对 ALS 小鼠进行分析，并与野生型小鼠进行比较。游泳训练每周进行 5 次，每次 30 分钟。所有小鼠均进行行为测试。对脊髓进行酶活性和氧化应激标志物分析。(3) 结果：无症状 ALS 小鼠的运动活性高于对照小鼠；游泳训练减轻了这些症状。疾病的无症状阶段出现了脊髓代谢变化，在 ALS 的终末期，糖酵解过程发生了转变。游泳训练引起了适应，导致谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）升高和氧化应激的保护作用。(4) 结论：治疗性水上活动可能会减缓 ALS 的进展。
