MemBrain s. r. o. (Membrane Innovation Centre), Pod Vinicí 87, 471 27 Stráž pod Ralskem, Czech Republic.
Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 30;22(21):11819. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111819.
In this study, we assess the effects of volumetric flow and feed temperature on the performance of a spiral-wound module for the recovery of free acid using diffusion dialysis. Performance was evaluated using a set of equations based on mass balance under steady-state conditions that describe the free acid yield, rejection factors of metal ions and stream purity, along with chemical analysis of the outlet streams. The results indicated that an increase in the volumetric flow rate of water increased free acid yield from 88% to 93%, but decreased Cu and Fe ion rejection from 95% to 90% and 91% to 86%, respectively. Increasing feed temperature up to 40 °C resulted in an increase in acid flux of 9%, and a reduction in Cu and Fe ion rejection by 2-3%. Following diffusion dialysis, the only evidence of membrane degradation was a slight drop in permselectivity and an increase in diffusion acid and salt permeability. Results obtained from the laboratory tests used in a basic economic study showed that the payback time of the membrane-based regeneration unit is approximately one year.
在这项研究中，我们评估了体积流量和进料温度对使用扩散透析回收游离酸的螺旋缠绕模块性能的影响。使用一组基于稳态下质量平衡的方程来评估性能，这些方程描述了游离酸产率、金属离子的截留率和流纯度，以及出口流的化学分析。结果表明，水的体积流量增加将游离酸产率从 88%提高到 93%，但铜和铁离子的截留率分别从 95%下降到 90%和从 91%下降到 86%。将进料温度升高至 40°C 会导致酸通量增加 9%，铜和铁离子的截留率降低 2-3%。在扩散透析之后，膜降解的唯一证据是透过选择性略有下降和扩散酸及盐渗透率增加。基础经济研究中使用的实验室测试结果表明，基于膜的再生单元的投资回报时间约为一年。
