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马来西亚对 COVID-19 的卫生系统应对措施。

Malaysia's Health Systems Response to COVID-19.

机构信息

Institute for Health Systems Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia.

Institute for Clinical Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 22;18(21):11109. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111109.

DOI:10.3390/ijerph182111109
PMID:34769629
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8583455/
Abstract

This study aimed to highlight the COVID-19 response by the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the Government of Malaysia in order to share Malaysia's lessons and to improve future pandemic preparedness. The team conducted a rapid review using publicly available information from MOH, PubMed, and World Health Organisation (WHO) Global Research on Coronavirus Disease Database to compile Malaysia's responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Measures taken between 31 December 2019 and 3 June 2020 were classified into domains as well as the pillars described in the WHO COVID-19 Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (WHO SPRP). Malaysia's response incorporated all pillars in the WHO SPRP and consisted of five domains, (i) whole-of-government, (ii) cordon sanitaire/lockdown, (iii) equity of access to services and supports, (iv) quarantine and isolation systems, and (v) legislation and enforcement. Some crucial measures taken were activation of a centralised multi-ministerial coordination council where MOH acted as an advisor, with collaboration from non-government organisations and private sectors which enabled an effective targeted screening approach, provision of subsidised COVID-19 treatment and screening, isolation or quarantine of all confirmed cases, close contacts and persons under investigation, with all strategies applied irrespective of citizenship. This was provided for by way of the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988. A combination of these measures enabled the nation to contain the COVID-19 outbreak by the end of June 2020.

摘要

本研究旨在突显马来西亚卫生部（MOH）和政府对 COVID-19 的应对措施，以便分享马来西亚的经验教训，并提高未来应对大流行的准备工作。研究团队使用 MOH、PubMed 和世界卫生组织（WHO）全球冠状病毒疾病数据库中可公开获得的信息进行了快速审查，以汇编马来西亚在 COVID-19 大流行期间的应对措施。将 2019 年 12 月 31 日至 2020 年 6 月 3 日期间采取的措施分为 WHO COVID-19 战略准备和应对计划（WHO SPRP）中描述的领域和支柱。马来西亚的应对措施涵盖了 WHO SPRP 的所有支柱，包括五个领域：（i）政府整体，（ii）隔离区/封锁，（iii）服务和支持的公平获取，（iv）检疫和隔离系统，以及（v）立法和执法。采取的一些关键措施包括启动一个中央多部门协调理事会，由 MOH 担任顾问，与非政府组织和私营部门合作，使有效的有针对性的筛查方法得以实施，提供 COVID-19 治疗和筛查补贴，对所有确诊病例、密切接触者和受调查者进行隔离或检疫，所有策略均适用于不论国籍的人员。这是通过 1988 年《传染病预防和控制法》来实现的。这些措施的结合使国家能够在 2020 年 6 月底控制 COVID-19 疫情。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e92/8583455/8ec504a6ddbd/ijerph-18-11109-g006.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e92/8583455/3ce6347f7ecc/ijerph-18-11109-g0A5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e92/8583455/a3f987bd7a3c/ijerph-18-11109-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e92/8583455/27a8f581bb4d/ijerph-18-11109-g002.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e92/8583455/8ec504a6ddbd/ijerph-18-11109-g006.jpg

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