秘鲁利马被监禁女性中亲密伴侣暴力、物质使用障碍和抑郁的流行情况。
Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence, Substance Use Disorders and Depression among Incarcerated Women in Lima, Perú.
机构信息
Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida (UCF), Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 23;18(21):11134. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111134.
BACKGROUND
Globally, there is evidence supporting the co-occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV), substance use disorders (SUD) and mental health disorders among women in prisons, however, there is limited research investigating these domains in the Andean region where rates of female incarceration have increased. The study objective was to explore the prevalence of IPV, SUD and depression among incarcerated women in a Peruvian prison and explore associations among these variables and related correlates.
METHODS
249 incarcerated women responded to a questionnaire about IPV, substance use, depression, and sexual behavior, and were screened for HIV/sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to estimate relative risk and the influence of substance use and depression on IPV rates.
RESULTS
Twelve months prior to incarceration, of the women with sexual partners pre-incarceration (n = 212), 69.3% experienced threats of violence, 61.4% experienced ≥1 acts of physical violence, and 28.3% reported ≥1 act of sexual aggression. Pre-incarceration, 68.1% of drug-using women had a SUD, and 61.7% of those who consumed alcohol reported hazardous/harmful drinking. There were 20 (8.0%) HIV/STD cases; and 67.5% of the women reported depressive symptoms. Compared to women with no experiences of physical violence, a greater proportion of women who experienced least l violent act had depressive symptoms and engaged in sex work pre-incarceration. Depression was associated with physical violence (adjusted relative risk = 1.35, 95% confidence interval: 1.14-1.58).
RECOMMENDATIONS
The findings provide evidence of a syndemic of IPV, substance abuse and depression among incarcerated women in a Peruvian prison. To help guide policy makers, further research is needed to determine if this is indicative of trends for other at-risk women in the region, and viable options to treat these women during incarceration to prevent recidivism and other long-term negative sequalae.
背景
在全球范围内，有证据表明监狱中的女性同时存在亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）、物质使用障碍（SUD）和精神健康障碍，但在监禁女性率上升的安第斯地区，对这些领域的研究有限。本研究旨在探讨秘鲁一所监狱中被监禁女性的 IPV、SUD 和抑郁的流行情况，并探讨这些变量之间以及与相关因素之间的关联。
方法
249 名被监禁女性回答了一份关于 IPV、物质使用、抑郁和性行为的问卷，并接受了 HIV/性传播疾病（STDs）筛查。采用单因素分析和逻辑回归来估计相对风险以及物质使用和抑郁对 IPV 发生率的影响。
结果
在监禁前 12 个月，在有性伴侣的女性中（n = 212），69.3%的人经历过暴力威胁，61.4%的人经历过至少 1 次身体暴力，28.3%的人报告了至少 1 次性侵犯。监禁前，68.1%的吸毒女性有物质使用障碍，61.7%的饮酒者报告有危险/有害饮酒行为。有 20 例（8.0%）HIV/STD 病例；67.5%的女性报告有抑郁症状。与没有经历过身体暴力的女性相比，经历过至少一次暴力行为的女性在监禁前更有可能有抑郁症状和从事性工作。抑郁与身体暴力有关（调整后的相对风险=1.35，95%置信区间：1.14-1.58）。
建议
研究结果提供了在秘鲁一所监狱中被监禁女性中 IPV、物质滥用和抑郁同时发生的证据。为了帮助指导决策者，需要进一步研究，以确定这是否是该地区其他处于危险中的女性的趋势，并确定在监禁期间治疗这些女性的可行方案，以防止再次犯罪和其他长期的负面后果。
Zotero 插件