超重男、女患者的饮食习惯、身体活动和生活质量差异。
Differences in Dietary Habits, Physical Exercise, and Quality of Life between Male and Female Patients with Overweight.
机构信息
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain.
National Network of Research in Health Departments and Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), 18012 Granada, Spain.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 26;18(21):11255. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111255.
UNLABELLED
Overweight can be an additional problem in patients admitted to hospital.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze gender differences in pre-admission dietary habits and physical exercise and in HRQoL at hospital discharge among hospitalized adults with overweight.
METHODS
Cross-sectional study in non-diabetic patients enrolled in a clinical trial with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 Kg/m at admission. Bivariate analyses used Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test for qualitative variables and the Mann-Whitney test for numerical variables.
RESULTS
The study included 148 males and 127 females. At admission, women had higher BMI ( = 0.016) than men and a larger percentage consumed drugs for depression ( = 0.030) and anxiety ( = 0.049), and followed a religion-based diet ( = 0.022). Pre-admission, women had healthier habits related to dietary caloric intake ( = 0.009) and greater adherence to recommendations for a healthy diet ( = 0.001). At discharge, women described worse self-perceived health ( = 0.044) and greater pain/discomfort ( = 0.004) in comparison to men.
CONCLUSIONS
Pre-admission, women had better habits related to a healthy diet and did not differ from men in habits related to physical exercise but had a higher BMI. At discharge, women reported worse self-perceived health and greater pain/discomfort. These differences should be considered for the adequate clinical management of patients with overweight.
未标注
超重可能是住院患者的另一个问题。
目的
分析超重住院成年人入院前的饮食习惯和体育锻炼以及出院时 HRQoL 的性别差异。
方法
对一项临床试验中入院时 BMI≥25 Kg/m²的非糖尿病患者进行横断面研究。使用 Pearson's chi-square 检验和 Fisher's exact 检验进行定性变量的双变量分析，使用 Mann-Whitney 检验进行数值变量的双变量分析。
结果
研究共纳入 148 名男性和 127 名女性。入院时，女性的 BMI 高于男性（ = 0.016），服用抗抑郁药（ = 0.030）和抗焦虑药（ = 0.049）以及遵循宗教饮食的比例较大（ = 0.022）。入院前，女性在饮食热量摄入方面的习惯更健康（ = 0.009），对健康饮食的建议的依从性更高（ = 0.001）。出院时，与男性相比，女性自述健康状况较差（ = 0.044），疼痛/不适更严重（ = 0.004）。
结论
入院前，女性的健康饮食习惯更好，与男性相比，体育锻炼习惯没有差异，但 BMI 较高。出院时，女性报告自我健康状况较差，疼痛/不适更严重。这些差异应在超重患者的临床管理中加以考虑。
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