Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain.
National Network of Research in Health Departments and Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), 18012 Granada, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 26;18(21):11255. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111255.
Overweight can be an additional problem in patients admitted to hospital.
To analyze gender differences in pre-admission dietary habits and physical exercise and in HRQoL at hospital discharge among hospitalized adults with overweight.
Cross-sectional study in non-diabetic patients enrolled in a clinical trial with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 Kg/m at admission. Bivariate analyses used Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test for qualitative variables and the Mann-Whitney test for numerical variables.
The study included 148 males and 127 females. At admission, women had higher BMI ( = 0.016) than men and a larger percentage consumed drugs for depression ( = 0.030) and anxiety ( = 0.049), and followed a religion-based diet ( = 0.022). Pre-admission, women had healthier habits related to dietary caloric intake ( = 0.009) and greater adherence to recommendations for a healthy diet ( = 0.001). At discharge, women described worse self-perceived health ( = 0.044) and greater pain/discomfort ( = 0.004) in comparison to men.
Pre-admission, women had better habits related to a healthy diet and did not differ from men in habits related to physical exercise but had a higher BMI. At discharge, women reported worse self-perceived health and greater pain/discomfort. These differences should be considered for the adequate clinical management of patients with overweight.
超重可能是住院患者的另一个问题。
分析超重住院成年人入院前的饮食习惯和体育锻炼以及出院时 HRQoL 的性别差异。
对一项临床试验中入院时 BMI≥25 Kg/m²的非糖尿病患者进行横断面研究。使用 Pearson's chi-square 检验和 Fisher's exact 检验进行定性变量的双变量分析，使用 Mann-Whitney 检验进行数值变量的双变量分析。
研究共纳入 148 名男性和 127 名女性。入院时，女性的 BMI 高于男性（ = 0.016），服用抗抑郁药（ = 0.030）和抗焦虑药（ = 0.049）以及遵循宗教饮食的比例较大（ = 0.022）。入院前，女性在饮食热量摄入方面的习惯更健康（ = 0.009），对健康饮食的建议的依从性更高（ = 0.001）。出院时，与男性相比，女性自述健康状况较差（ = 0.044），疼痛/不适更严重（ = 0.004）。
入院前，女性的健康饮食习惯更好，与男性相比，体育锻炼习惯没有差异，但 BMI 较高。出院时，女性报告自我健康状况较差，疼痛/不适更严重。这些差异应在超重患者的临床管理中加以考虑。
