Center of Safety Monitoring of Engineering Structures, Shenzhen Academy of Disaster Prevention and Reduction, China Earthquake Administration, Shenzhen 518003, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Disaster Forecast and Control in Engineering, School of Mechanics and Building Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Nov 3;21(21):7327. doi: 10.3390/s21217327.
Suffering from structural deterioration and natural disasters, the resilience of civil structures in the face of extreme loadings inevitably drops, which may lead to catastrophic structural failure and presents great threats to public safety. Earthquake-induced extreme loading is one of the major reasons behind the structural failure of buildings. However, many buildings in earthquake-prone areas of China lack safety monitoring, and prevalent structural health monitoring systems are generally very expensive and complicated for extensive applications. To facilitate cost-effective building-safety monitoring, this study investigates a method using cost-effective MEMS accelerometers for buildings' rapid after-earthquake assessment. First, a parameter analysis of a cost-effective MEMS sensor is conducted to confirm its suitability for building-safety monitoring. Second, different from the existing investigations that tend to use a simplified building model or small-scaled frame structure excited by strong motions in laboratories, this study selects an in-service public building located in a typical earthquake-prone area after an analysis of earthquake risk in China. The building is instrumented with the selected cost-effective MEMS accelerometers, characterized by a low noise level and the capability to capture low-frequency small-amplitude dynamic responses. Furthermore, a rapid after-earthquake assessment scheme is proposed, which systematically includes fast missing data reconstruction, displacement response estimation based on an acceleration response integral, and safety assessment based on the maximum displacement and maximum inter-story drift ratio. Finally, the proposed method is successfully applied to a building-safety assessment by using earthquake-induced building responses suffering from missing data. This study is conducive to the extensive engineering application of MEMS-based cost-effective building monitoring and rapid after-earthquake assessment.
由于结构恶化和自然灾害的影响，民用结构在面对极端荷载时的恢复能力不可避免地会下降，这可能导致灾难性的结构失效，并对公共安全构成巨大威胁。地震引起的极端荷载是建筑物结构失效的主要原因之一。然而，中国许多地震多发地区的建筑物缺乏安全监测，而普遍存在的结构健康监测系统通常非常昂贵且复杂，难以广泛应用。为了促进具有成本效益的建筑物安全监测，本研究探讨了一种使用具有成本效益的微机电系统（MEMS）加速度计进行建筑物快速震后评估的方法。首先，对一种具有成本效益的 MEMS 传感器进行参数分析，以确认其在建筑物安全监测中的适用性。其次，与现有的研究倾向于使用简化的建筑物模型或在实验室中用强震激励的小比例框架结构不同，本研究选择了位于中国典型地震多发地区的一座在役公共建筑，对中国的地震风险进行了分析。该建筑物配备了所选的具有成本效益的 MEMS 加速度计，其特点是噪声水平低，能够捕捉低频小振幅动态响应。此外，提出了一种快速震后评估方案，该方案系统地包括快速缺失数据重建、基于加速度响应积分的位移响应估计以及基于最大位移和最大层间位移比的安全评估。最后，成功地将所提出的方法应用于因缺失数据而导致的建筑物安全评估。本研究有助于基于微机电系统的具有成本效益的建筑物监测和快速震后评估的广泛工程应用。
