Scaffaro Roberto, Di Bartolo Alberto, Dintcheva Nadka Tz
Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Nov 4;13(21):3817. doi: 10.3390/polym13213817.
Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are low-density, high-performance composite materials, which find important applications in the automotive, aerospace, and energy industry, to only cite a few. With the increasing concerns about sustainability and environment risks, the problem of the recycling of such complex composite systems has been emerging in politics, industry, and academia. The issue is exacerbated by the increased use of FRPs in the automotive industry and by the expected decommissioning of airplanes and wind turbines amounting to thousands of metric tons of composite materials. Currently, the recycling of FRPs downcycles the entire composite to some form of reinforcement material (typically for cements) or degrades the polymer matrix to recover the fibers. Following the principles of sustainability, the reuse and recycling of the whole composite-fiber and polymer-should be promoted. In this review paper, we report on recent research works that achieve the recycling of both the fiber and matrix phase of FRP composites, with the polymer being either directly recovered or converted to value-added monomers and oligomers.
纤维增强聚合物（FRP）是低密度、高性能的复合材料，在汽车、航空航天和能源行业等诸多领域有着重要应用。随着对可持续性和环境风险的日益关注，这种复杂复合系统的回收问题已在政治、工业和学术界逐渐显现。汽车行业中FRP使用量的增加以及预计数千公吨复合材料的飞机和风力涡轮机退役，使这一问题更加严重。目前，FRP的回收要么是将整个复合材料降级为某种形式的增强材料（通常用于水泥），要么是降解聚合物基体以回收纤维。遵循可持续性原则，应促进整个复合材料（纤维和聚合物）的再利用和回收。在这篇综述论文中，我们报道了近期的研究工作，这些工作实现了FRP复合材料纤维和基体相的回收，聚合物要么直接回收，要么转化为增值单体和低聚物。
