Xu Dandan, He Sheng, Leng Weiqi, Chen Yuhe, Wu Zaixing
China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo High Efficient Processing of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Oct 31;15(21):4276. doi: 10.3390/polym15214276.
Natural fiber composites are receiving more and more attention because of their greenness and low cost. Among natural fibers, bamboo is characterized by fast growth, a short cultivation period, high strength and good toughness, and is one of the strongest natural fibers in the world. A bamboo-fiber-reinforced polymer composite (BFRPC) has the characteristics of high mechanical strength, low density, degradability, etc. It has the industrial applicability comparable to metal materials, the same strong corrosion resistance as composites such as glass and carbon fibers, and the same immunity to electromagnetic interference and low thermal conductivity as natural materials. Its unidirectional specific strength and unidirectional specific modulus is higher than that of glass fiber, second only to the extremely high price of carbon fiber, which is playing an increasingly important role in the field of composite materials, and can be widely used in the fields of wind power, construction, aviation, automotive, medical care and so on. At present, it has been initially used in packaging, automotive and transportation fields, and is expected to replace petroleum-based plastics in various fields. In addition to their environmental protection and green production, they have excellent physical properties. This paper provides an overview of the mechanical properties of bamboo-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites and thermoset composites that have been developed so far, such as tensile strength, flexural properties and impact strength. In addition, the prospects of bamboo-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites for automotive, packaging and agricultural applications are presented.
天然纤维复合材料因其绿色环保和低成本而受到越来越多的关注。在天然纤维中，竹子具有生长快、种植周期短、强度高和韧性好的特点，是世界上最强的天然纤维之一。竹纤维增强聚合物复合材料（BFRPC）具有机械强度高、密度低、可降解等特性。它具有与金属材料相当的工业适用性，与玻璃纤维和碳纤维等复合材料相同的强耐腐蚀性，以及与天然材料相同的抗电磁干扰性和低导热性。其单向比强度和单向比模量高于玻璃纤维，仅次于价格极高的碳纤维，在复合材料领域发挥着越来越重要的作用，可广泛应用于风电、建筑、航空、汽车、医疗等领域。目前，它已初步应用于包装、汽车和运输领域，并有望在各个领域取代石油基塑料。除了环保和绿色生产外，它们还具有优异的物理性能。本文概述了迄今为止已开发的竹纤维增强热塑性复合材料和热固性复合材料的机械性能，如拉伸强度、弯曲性能和冲击强度。此外，还介绍了竹纤维增强热塑性复合材料在汽车、包装和农业应用方面的前景。
