Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Health and Human Development Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Road, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, 5021 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2021 Dec;211:173298. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173298. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
There is a well-established relation between exposure to child maltreatment and the onset and course of multiple, comorbid psychiatric disorders. Given the heterogeneous clinical presentations at the time services are initiated, interventions for children exposed to maltreatment need to be highly effective to curtail the lifelong burden and public health costs attributable to psychiatric disorders. The current review describes the most effective, well-researched, and widely-used behavioral and pharmacological interventions for preventing and treating a range of psychiatric disorders common in children exposed to maltreatment. Detailed descriptions of each intervention, including their target population, indicated age range, hypothesized mechanisms of action, and effectiveness demonstrated through randomized controlled trials research, are presented. Current limitations of these interventions are noted to guide specific directions for future research aiming to optimize both treatment effectiveness and efficiency with children and families exposed to maltreatment. Strategic and programmatic future research can continue the substantial progress that has been made in the prevention and treatment of psychiatric disorders for children exposed to maltreatment.
儿童虐待暴露与多种共病精神障碍的发生和病程之间存在着明确的关系。鉴于在开始提供服务时临床表现的异质性，需要对遭受虐待的儿童进行高度有效的干预，以减轻与精神障碍相关的终身负担和公共卫生成本。本综述描述了最有效、研究最多和广泛使用的行为和药物干预措施，以预防和治疗儿童虐待中常见的一系列精神障碍。详细介绍了每种干预措施，包括其目标人群、建议的年龄范围、假设的作用机制以及通过随机对照试验研究证明的有效性。指出了这些干预措施的当前局限性，以指导针对遭受虐待的儿童和家庭的未来研究的具体方向，旨在优化治疗效果和效率。未来的战略和计划研究可以继续为预防和治疗遭受虐待的儿童的精神障碍方面取得的重大进展。
