Mahale Parag, Nomburg Jason, Song Joo Y, Steinberg Mia, Starrett Gabriel, Boland Joseph, Lynch Charles F, Chadburn Amy, Rubinstein Paul G, Hernandez Brenda Y, Weisenburger Dennis D, Bullman Susan, Engels Eric A
Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Infect Agent Cancer. 2021 Nov 14;16(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s13027-021-00404-0.
Systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare CD30-expressing T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Risk of systemic ALCL is highly increased among immunosuppressed individuals. Because risk of cancers associated with viruses is increased with immunosuppression, we conducted a metagenomic analysis of systemic ALCL to determine whether a known or novel pathogen is associated with this malignancy. Total RNA was extracted and sequenced from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 19 systemic ALCL cases (including one case from an immunosuppressed individual with human immunodeficiency virus infection), 3 Epstein-Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) occurring in solid organ transplant recipients (positive controls), and 3 breast cancers (negative controls). We used a pipeline based on the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK)-PathSeq algorithm to subtract out human RNA reads and map the remaining RNA reads to microbes. No microbial association with ALCL was identified, but we found Epstein-Barr virus in the DLBCL positive controls and determined the breast cancers to be negative. In conclusion, we did not find a pathogen associated with systemic ALCL, but because we analyzed only one ALCL tumor from an immunosuppressed person, we cannot exclude the possibility that a pathogen is associated with some cases that arise in the setting of immunosuppression.
系统性间变性大细胞淋巴瘤（ALCL）是一种罕见的表达CD30的T细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤。在免疫抑制个体中，系统性ALCL的风险显著增加。由于免疫抑制会增加与病毒相关癌症的风险，我们对系统性ALCL进行了宏基因组分析，以确定已知或新型病原体是否与这种恶性肿瘤相关。从19例系统性ALCL病例（包括1例来自感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的免疫抑制个体）、3例实体器官移植受者中发生的爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒阳性弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL，阳性对照）和3例乳腺癌（阴性对照）的福尔马林固定石蜡包埋肿瘤标本中提取总RNA并进行测序。我们使用基于基因组分析工具包（GATK）-PathSeq算法的流程来去除人类RNA读数，并将剩余的RNA读数映射到微生物上。未发现微生物与ALCL有关联，但我们在DLBCL阳性对照中发现了爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒，并确定乳腺癌为阴性。总之，我们未发现与系统性ALCL相关的病原体，但由于我们仅分析了1例免疫抑制个体的ALCL肿瘤，所以我们不能排除病原体与免疫抑制情况下出现的某些病例相关的可能性。
