ZERO2FIVE Food Industry Centre, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK.
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Park Place, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
Archaea. 2021 Nov 5;2021:5510063. doi: 10.1155/2021/5510063. eCollection 2021.
Methane emissions from agriculture are responsible for over 40% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. In the past, antibiotics were used to control methane production by animals, but concerns over the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to humans have prompted a search for alternative approaches. Hops are the flowers of the hop plant . They have been used to feed cattle for many years and are known to contain antibacterial compounds, and their extracts have been shown to kill members of the spp including , the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis as well as a number of human pathogens. In this study, hop extracts were studied for their ability to inhibit methane production from , a major methane-producing archaeon found in the rumen of cattle.
M1 (DSM 1093) was grown at 37°C for 30 days, and the amount of methane produced at different time points during this period was measured using gas chromatography. The archaeon was exposed to commercial hop extracts (tetra-hydro-iso-alpha acid and beta acid) and to aqueous hop extracts of a range of hop variants, and their effect on methane production was determined.
All of the extracts reduced the level of methane production of over the 30-day period compared to the negative control (sterile distilled water). The commercial hop extracts were the most effective at inhibiting methane production over the course of the experiment in contrast to the aqueous extracts, which showed a gradual reduction of inhibition with time.
Hops contain compounds which inhibit methane production. Given that hops can be safely fed to cattle, this raises the possibility of rationally designing a feed strategy which could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect against bovine tuberculosis. This study recommends that further research be undertaken to further identifying bioactive components from hops and their efficacy against a range of archaea.
农业甲烷排放占全球温室气体排放的 40%以上。过去，抗生素曾被用于控制动物的甲烷生成，但由于担心抗生素耐药细菌会传播到人类，因此人们一直在寻找替代方法。啤酒花是啤酒花植物的花朵。多年来，它们一直被用于饲养牛，已知含有抗菌化合物，其提取物已被证明可以杀死包括 在内的 属成员， 是牛结核病的病原体，也是许多人类病原体。在这项研究中，研究了啤酒花提取物抑制主要产甲烷古菌 甲烷生成的能力， 该古菌存在于牛的瘤胃中。
M1（DSM 1093）在 37°C 下培养 30 天，并使用气相色谱法测量在此期间不同时间点产生的甲烷量。将古菌暴露于商业啤酒花提取物（四氢异α酸和β酸）和一系列啤酒花变体的水提物中，并测定其对甲烷生成的影响。
与阴性对照（无菌蒸馏水）相比，所有提取物在 30 天的实验期间均降低了 的甲烷生成水平。与水提物相比，商业啤酒花提取物在整个实验过程中对甲烷生成的抑制作用最有效，而水提物随着时间的推移抑制作用逐渐降低。
啤酒花含有抑制甲烷生成的化合物。鉴于啤酒花可以安全地用于饲养牛，这就提出了一种可能的合理设计饲料策略的可能性，该策略可以减少温室气体排放并预防牛结核病。本研究建议进一步研究，以进一步确定啤酒花中的生物活性成分及其对一系列古菌的功效。
