Daignan-Fornier Bertrand, Laporte Damien, Sagot Isabelle
Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Oct 29;9:745069. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.745069. eCollection 2021.
Being able to reproduce and survive is fundamental to all forms of life. In primitive unicellular organisms, the emergence of quiescence as a reversible proliferation arrest has most likely improved cell survival under unfavorable environmental conditions. During evolution, with the repeated appearances of multicellularity, several aspects of unicellular quiescence were conserved while new quiescent cell intrinsic abilities arose. We propose that the formation of a microenvironment by neighboring cells has allowed disconnecting quiescence from nutritional cues. In this new context, non-proliferative cells can stay metabolically active, potentially authorizing the emergence of new quiescent cell properties, and thereby favoring cell specialization. Through its co-evolution with cell specialization, quiescence may have been a key motor of the fascinating diversity of multicellular complexity.
能够繁殖和生存是所有生命形式的基本要素。在原始单细胞生物中，静止状态作为一种可逆的增殖停滞现象的出现，很可能提高了细胞在不利环境条件下的存活率。在进化过程中，随着多细胞性的反复出现，单细胞静止状态的几个方面得以保留，同时出现了新的静止细胞内在能力。我们认为，相邻细胞形成的微环境使得静止状态与营养信号脱钩。在这种新背景下，非增殖细胞可以保持代谢活跃，这可能促使新的静止细胞特性出现，从而有利于细胞特化。通过与细胞特化的共同进化，静止状态可能是多细胞复杂性迷人多样性的关键驱动力。
