Kawaguchi Kohei, Taketomi Shuji, Mizutani Yuri, Uchiyama Emiko, Ikegami Yosuke, Tanaka Sakae, Haga Nobuhiko, Nakamura Yoshihiko
University of Tokyo Sports Science Initiative (UTSSI), Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 Nov 3;9(11):23259671211048188. doi: 10.1177/23259671211048188. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Sex-based biomechanical differences during a drop vertical jump (DVJ) may explain the increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury in females. Video motion capture using artificial intelligence (VMocap) is a new method for accurate motion analysis.
To use VMocap to identify sex-based differences in biomechanics during a DVJ in Asian athletes.
Controlled laboratory study.
A total of 63 female and 61 male Asian soccer players volunteered for this study in 2018. Participants performed a bilateral DVJ using VMocap, and the knee valgus angle (KVA), knee flexion angle (KFA), hip flexion angle (HFA), and lower leg anterior inclination angle (LAIA) were calculated from the motion capture data. These joint angles and inclination angles were evaluated at the time of highest point of the first jump (H1), initial contact (IC), maximum knee flexion (MKF), toe-off (TO), and highest point of the second jump (H2). The unpaired test was used to compare sex-based differences.
At H1, the KVA in females showed more valgus (-2.9° vs -5.4°) and the LAIA in females was greater (29.1° vs 25.7°) versus males ( < .01 for both). At IC, the KVA in females showed more valgus (-1.3° vs -3.0°) and females had a greater KFA (20.8° vs 14.3°) and LAIA (5.1° vs 0.0°) compared with males ( < .01 for all). At MKF, female KVA showed more valgus (6.2° vs -9.5°), and females had greater LAIA (36.6° vs 34.6°), smaller KFA (77.5° vs 87.5°), and smaller HFA (55.8° vs 82.0°) compared with males ( < .01 for all). At TO, female KVA showed more valgus (-0.7° vs -3.1°) and female KFA, HFA, and LAIA were greater (31.7° vs 19.2°; 19.9° vs 16.4°; and 18.2° vs 11.5°, respectively) than males ( < .01 for all). At H2, females had a greater KFA (18.6° vs 14.6°) and LAIA (13.3° vs 9.9°) than males ( < .04 for both).
Asian female soccer players showed increased KVA and LAIA, decreased KFA and HFA at MKF, and increased KFA at IC and TO compared with their male counterparts in this analysis of the DVJ.
Elucidation of kinematic differences between the sexes can aid in predicting injuries.
垂直纵跳（DVJ）过程中基于性别的生物力学差异可能解释了女性前交叉韧带损伤风险增加的原因。使用人工智能的视频动作捕捉（VMocap）是一种用于精确动作分析的新方法。
使用VMocap识别亚洲运动员在DVJ过程中的生物力学性别差异。
对照实验室研究。
2018年，共有63名亚洲女性足球运动员和61名亚洲男性足球运动员自愿参与本研究。参与者使用VMocap进行双侧DVJ，并根据动作捕捉数据计算膝外翻角度（KVA）、膝关节屈曲角度（KFA）、髋关节屈曲角度（HFA）和小腿前倾角（LAIA）。在第一次跳跃的最高点（H1）、初始接触（IC）、最大膝关节屈曲（MKF）、离地（TO）和第二次跳跃的最高点（H2）时评估这些关节角度和倾斜角度。采用非配对t检验比较性别差异。
在H1时，女性的KVA外翻程度更大（-2.9°对-5.4°），女性的LAIA更大（29.1°对25.7°），与男性相比差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）。在IC时，与男性相比，女性的KVA外翻程度更大（-1.3°对-3.0°），女性的KFA更大（20.8°对14.3°），LAIA更大（5.1°对0.0°）（P均<0.01）。在MKF时，女性的KVA外翻程度更大（6.2°对-9.5°），女性的LAIA更大（36.6°对34.6°），KFA更小（77.5°对87.5°），HFA更小（55.8°对82.0°），与男性相比差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）。在TO时，女性的KVA外翻程度更大（-0.7°对-3.1°），女性的KFA、HFA和LAIA均大于男性（分别为31.7°对19.2°；19.9°对16.4°；18.2°对11.5°）（P均<0.01）。在H2时，女性的KFA更大（18.6°对14.6°），LAIA更大（13.3°对9.9°），与男性相比差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.04）。
在此DVJ分析中，与男性相比，亚洲女性足球运动员表现出KVA和LAIA增加，MKF时KFA和HFA降低，IC和TO时KFA增加。
阐明性别之间的运动学差异有助于预测损伤。
