Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020 Feb;28(2):606-613. doi: 10.1007/s00167-019-05747-1. Epub 2019 Oct 30.
To examine differences between men and women football players in clinically feasible jumping measures.
Female football players (N = 46, ages 16-25) were matched based on age, training frequency, and playing position with 46 male players. All players performed the tuck jump and drop vertical jump (DVJ). DVJ was assessed quantitatively for valgus knee motion and probability of a high peak knee abduction moment (pKAM), as well as sagittal plane hip, knee, and ankle angles, and qualitatively with visual assessment of the player's knees upon landing; graded as good, reduced, or poor control.
Women had higher total tuck jump scores (5 ± 2) (more technique flaws), than men (3 ± 2, P < 0.01). The quantitative analysis of the DVJ found that men had greater asymmetries between limbs, but women landed bilaterally in more knee valgus (interaction P = 0.04, main effect of sex P = 0.02). There was no difference in pKAM (interaction n.s.). Women also landed in less hip flexion (P = 0.01) and ankle dorsiflexion (P = 0.01) than men. The qualitative DVJ analysis found that more women (48%) had poor knee control compared to men (11%, P < 0.01).
The results indicate that women perform worse on the tuck jump assessment than men. The results support previous findings that women land in more knee valgus than men, but also found that men may have larger asymmetries in knee valgus. These results from clinically feasible measures provide some suggestions for clinicians to consider during ACL reconstruction rehabilitation to enhance performance.
研究临床上可行的跳跃测量指标中男性和女性足球运动员之间的差异。
根据年龄、训练频率和场上位置，将 46 名女性足球运动员（年龄 16-25 岁）与 46 名男性运动员相匹配。所有运动员均进行前屈跳转和垂直跳（DVJ）测试。对 DVJ 进行定量评估，以评估外翻膝关节运动和高峰值膝关节外展力矩（pKAM）的可能性，同时评估矢状面髋关节、膝关节和踝关节角度，并对运动员落地时的膝关节进行视觉评估，分为良好、减少或控制不佳。
女性的总前屈跳转得分（5±2）（技术缺陷更多）高于男性（3±2，P<0.01）。对 DVJ 的定量分析发现，男性四肢之间的不对称性更大，但女性双侧落地时膝关节外翻程度更大（交互 P=0.04，性别主效应 P=0.02）。pKAM 无差异（交互无统计学意义）。女性落地时髋关节屈曲（P=0.01）和踝关节背屈（P=0.01）角度也更小。对 DVJ 的定性分析发现，与男性（11%）相比，更多的女性（48%）膝关节控制不佳（P<0.01）。
结果表明，女性在前屈跳转评估中表现不如男性。这些结果支持了之前的研究发现，女性落地时膝关节外翻程度大于男性，但也发现男性膝关节外翻的不对称性可能更大。这些来自临床可行测量的结果为临床医生在 ACL 重建康复期间提供了一些建议，以提高运动表现。
