Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, 420479Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Institute of Graduate Studies, 532719Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Percept Mot Skills. 2022 Feb;129(1):134-152. doi: 10.1177/00315125211051178. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
Aerobic exercises (AE) have been found to have short-term positive effects on certain aspects of cognitive functioning. Pilates exercises (PE) may have similar benefits. In this randomized controlled study, we compared the effectiveness of PE and AE on participants' cognitive functions. We randomly assigned 52 physically inactive young adult volunteers into either a PE group (age = 20.85, = 2.11 years; 18 females and 8 males) or an AE group (age = 19.88, = 0.91 years; 18 females and 8 males). In both groups, participants engaged in a moderately intense exercise program three days a week for four weeks. We tested participants on cognitive measures of selective attention and inhibitory control (Stroop test), verbal fluency (verbal fluency tests (letter and category); VFTs), and speed of movement (Nelson's Speed of Movement Test; NSMT). There were no group differences on the Stroop and the VFTs (>0.05). However, there was a significant pre- to post-exercise difference for participants in both groups with a medium-large effect size (ES) on Stroop sections 1, 3, 4, and 5, respectively (PE: < 0.001, ES = 0.58, = 0.001, ES = 0.54, < 0.001, ES = 0.88, = 0.001, ES = 0.60; AE: < 0.001, ES = 0.70, < 0.001, ES = 0.89, < 0.001, ES = 0.86, = 0.006, ES = 0.65). There was a large effect size pre- to post-exercise detected for VFT sections labeled letter (PE: < 0.001, ES = 1.45; AE: < 0.001, ES = 1.11), and category (PE: < 0.001, ES = 1.11; AE: < 0.001, ES = 0.83), and there was a large ES for NSMT in the PE group ( < 0.001, ES = 1.07). Both PE and AE may lead to short-term improvements in selective attention, verbal fluency, and executive control in inactive young adults, and PE may benefit speed of movement.
有氧运动（AE）已被发现对认知功能的某些方面具有短期的积极影响。普拉提运动（PE）可能具有类似的益处。在这项随机对照研究中，我们比较了 PE 和 AE 对参与者认知功能的影响。我们将 52 名身体不活跃的年轻成年志愿者随机分配到 PE 组（年龄=20.85， = 2.11 岁；18 名女性和 8 名男性）或 AE 组（年龄=19.88， = 0.91 岁；18 名女性和 8 名男性）。在两组中，参与者每周进行三次适度强度的锻炼计划，持续四周。我们使用选择性注意和抑制控制（Stroop 测试）、言语流畅性（言语流畅性测试（字母和类别）；VFTs）和运动速度（Nelson 的运动速度测试；NSMT）对参与者进行了认知测试。Stroop 和 VFTs 上两组之间没有组间差异（>0.05）。然而，两组参与者在锻炼前后都有显著差异，Stroop 各部分 1、3、4 和 5 的效应量为中到大（ES）（PE：<0.001，ES=0.58，=0.001，ES=0.54，<0.001，ES=0.88，=0.001，ES=0.60；AE：<0.001，ES=0.70，<0.001，ES=0.89，<0.001，ES=0.86，=0.006，ES=0.65）。在锻炼前后，VFT 标记的字母（PE：<0.001，ES=1.45；AE：<0.001，ES=1.11）和类别（PE：<0.001，ES=1.11；AE：<0.001，ES=0.83）的检测到了较大的 ES，并且在 PE 组中 NSMT 的 ES 较大（<0.001，ES=1.07）。PE 和 AE 都可能导致身体不活跃的年轻成年人在选择性注意力、言语流畅性和执行控制方面的短期改善，并且 PE 可能有益于运动速度。
