Taylor Steven
Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; email:
Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2022 May 9;18:581-609. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072720-020131. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
This article reviews the current state of knowledge and promising new directions concerning the psychology of pandemics. Pandemics are disease outbreaks that spread globally. Historically, psychological factors have been neglected by researchers and health authorities despite evidence that pandemics are, to a large extent, psychological phenomena whereby beliefs and behaviors influence the spreading versus containment of infection. Psychological factors are important in determining () adherence to pandemic mitigation methods (e.g., adherence to social distancing), () pandemic-related social disruption (e.g., panic buying, racism, antilockdown protests), and () pandemic-related distress and related problems (e.g., anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, prolonged grief disorder). The psychology of pandemics has emerged as an important field of research and practice during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As a scholarly discipline, the psychology of pandemics is fragmented and diverse, encompassing various psychological subspecialties and allied disciplines, but is vital for shaping clinical practice and public health guidelines for COVID-19 and future pandemics.
本文回顾了有关大流行心理学的当前知识状况和有前景的新方向。大流行是指在全球范围内传播的疾病爆发。从历史上看，尽管有证据表明大流行在很大程度上是心理现象，即信念和行为会影响感染的传播与控制，但研究人员和卫生当局一直忽视心理因素。心理因素在决定（1）对大流行缓解措施的依从性（例如，对社交距离的遵守）、（2）与大流行相关的社会混乱（例如，抢购、种族主义、反封锁抗议）以及（3）与大流行相关的痛苦及相关问题（例如，焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍、持续性悲伤障碍）方面很重要。在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，大流行心理学已成为一个重要的研究和实践领域。作为一门学术学科，大流行心理学是零散且多样的，涵盖了各种心理学子专业和相关学科，但对于制定针对COVID-19和未来大流行的临床实践和公共卫生指南至关重要。
