University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2020 Aug;66(5):512-516. doi: 10.1177/0020764020925835. Epub 2020 May 21.
The current ongoing pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) has globally affected 213 countries and territories with more than 2.5 million confirmed cases and thousands of casualties. The unpredictable and uncertain COVID-19 outbreak has the potential of adversely affecting the psychological health on individual and community level. Currently all efforts are focused on the understanding of epidemiology, clinical features, mode of transmission, counteract the spread of the virus, and challenges of global health, while crucially significant mental health has been overlooked in this endeavor.
This review is to evaluate past outbreaks to understand the extent of adverse effects on psychological health, psychological crisis intervention, and mental health management plans. Published previous and current articles on PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Elsevier about psychological impact of infectious diseases outbreaks and COVID-19 has been considered and reviewed.
COVID-19 is leading to intense psychosocial issues and comprising mental health marking a secondary health concern all around the world. Globally implementing preventive and controlling measures, and cultivating coping and resilience are challenging factors; modified lifestyle (lockdown curfew, self-isolation, social distancing and quarantine); conspiracy theories, misinformation and disinformation about the origin, scale, signs, symptoms, transmission, prevention and treatment; global socioeconomic crisis; travel restrictions; workplace hazard control; postponement and cancellation of religious, sports, cultural and entertainment events; panic buying and hoarding; incidents of racism, xenophobia, discrimination, stigma, psychological pressure of productivity, marginalization and violence; overwhelmed medical centers and health organizations, and general impact on education, politics, socioeconomic, culture, environment and climate - are some of the risk factors to aggravate further problems.
当前正在发生的 COVID-19（2019 年冠状病毒病）全球大流行已经影响到 213 个国家和地区，确诊病例超过 250 万例，死亡数千例。不可预测和不确定的 COVID-19 疫情有可能对个人和社区层面的心理健康产生不利影响。目前，所有努力都集中在了解流行病学、临床特征、传播方式、对抗病毒传播以及全球卫生挑战上，而在这一努力中，至关重要的心理健康却被忽视了。
本综述旨在评估过去的疫情，以了解对心理健康的不良影响程度、心理危机干预以及心理健康管理计划。考虑并审查了在 PubMed、EMBASE、Google Scholar 和 Elsevier 上发表的关于传染病疫情和 COVID-19 对心理影响的既往和当前文章。
COVID-19 导致了严重的心理社会问题，并构成了全球范围内的二级健康关注点。全球范围内实施预防和控制措施以及培养应对和适应能力是具有挑战性的因素；改变生活方式（封锁宵禁、自我隔离、社交距离和隔离）；关于起源、规模、症状、传播、预防和治疗的阴谋论、错误信息和虚假信息；全球社会经济危机；旅行限制；工作场所危害控制；宗教、体育、文化和娱乐活动的推迟和取消；恐慌性购买和囤积；种族主义、仇外心理、歧视、污名化、生产力的心理压力、边缘化和暴力事件；医疗中心和卫生组织不堪重负，以及对教育、政治、社会经济、文化、环境和气候的普遍影响，都是进一步加剧问题的一些风险因素。
