中国儿童和青少年身体活动、久坐行为、睡眠、饮食与肥胖的关系。
Association between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviors, Sleep, Diet, and Adiposity among Children and Adolescents in China.
机构信息
Department of Nutrition and Health Education, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,
Department of Nutrition and Health Education, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Obes Facts. 2022;15(1):26-35. doi: 10.1159/000519268. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
INTRODUCTION
Physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB), sleep, and diet are related to adiposity among children and adolescents. However, there may be interactions between PA, SB, sleep, and diet, and these lifestyle behaviors may work together to affect body weight. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of multiple lifestyle behaviors of PA, SB, sleep, and diet on childhood adiposity (body mass index z-score and overweight/obesity), and to investigate the effect of meeting multiple guidelines on adiposity among children and adolescents in China.
METHODS
Cross-sectional results were based on 28,048 children aged 6-17 years from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012. Information about PA, SB, and sleep was measured through interview-administered questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed with food frequency questionnaire. The associations between multiple lifestyle behaviors and BMI z-score and overweight/obese were examined.
RESULTS
The prevalence of overweight/obesity in the participants was 19.2%. The average time of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), leisure SB, and sleep was 76.7 ± 45.5 min, 2.9 ± 1.4 h, and 8.5 ± 1.1 h per day, respectively. The China Dietary Guidelines Index for Youth (CDGI-Y) score was 62.6 ± 11.0. Sleep duration and diet score were negative associated with BMI z-score (both p < 0.001). MVPA and SB time were positive associated with BMI z-score (p = 0.041, 0.004). Meeting the SB, sleep, and diet guidelines had a lower BMI z-score (all p < 0.01) and lower odds of overweight/obesity (all p < 0.05). There were significant interactions between PA and diet. Compared with meeting no guidelines, those who met multiple guidelines had a lower risk of overweight/obesity (all p < 0.01). The more guidelines the participants met, the lower odds of overweight/obesity (p for trend <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
PA, SB, sleep, and diet are important behaviors associated with adiposity among children and adolescents. Attaining adequate amounts of appropriate multiple behaviors provided an additional benefit. It is important for children to meet recommended behavioral guidelines or recommendations. Interventions that aim to improve awareness of and compliance with these guidelines are needed in future.
简介
体力活动（PA）、久坐行为（SB）、睡眠和饮食与儿童和青少年的肥胖有关。然而，PA、SB、睡眠和饮食之间可能存在相互作用，这些生活方式行为可能共同影响体重。本研究的目的是探讨 PA、SB、睡眠和饮食等多种生活方式行为对儿童肥胖（体重指数 z 评分和超重/肥胖）的影响，并研究中国儿童和青少年同时满足多种指南对肥胖的影响。
方法
2010-2012 年，利用中国营养与健康状况调查中的 28048 名 6-17 岁儿童的横断面研究结果。通过访谈式问卷调查评估 PA、SB 和睡眠信息。饮食摄入量通过食物频率问卷进行评估。研究了多种生活方式行为与 BMI z 评分和超重/肥胖的关系。
结果
参与者中超重/肥胖的患病率为 19.2%。中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA）、休闲 SB 和睡眠时间的平均值分别为 76.7±45.5 分钟、2.9±1.4 小时和 8.5±1.1 小时/天。青少年中国膳食指南指数（CDGI-Y）得分为 62.6±11.0。睡眠时长和饮食评分与 BMI z 评分呈负相关（均 p<0.001）。MVPA 和 SB 时间与 BMI z 评分呈正相关（p=0.041，0.004）。同时满足 SB、睡眠和饮食指南的儿童 BMI z 评分较低（均 p<0.01），超重/肥胖的几率较低（均 p<0.05）。PA 和饮食之间存在显著的交互作用。与不满足任何指南相比，同时满足多个指南的儿童超重/肥胖的风险较低（均 p<0.01）。参与者满足的指南越多，超重/肥胖的几率越低（p 趋势<0.001）。
结论
PA、SB、睡眠和饮食是儿童和青少年肥胖相关的重要行为。获得足够数量的适当多种行为提供了额外的益处。儿童满足推荐的行为指南或建议很重要。未来需要针对提高对这些指南的认识和遵守的干预措施。
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