Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2021 Nov 12;37(10):e00335720. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00335720. eCollection 2021.
Monitoring trends of contraceptive use and identifying the groups with less coverage are needed to guide public policies and make them more efficient. But, in Brazil, recent data about these aspects are limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of contraceptive use and its inequalities during adolescence and early adulthood. Data from the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were used. At 15, 18 and 22 years, respectively, 335, 1,458 and 1,711 women reported having started their sexual lives and were included in analysis. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were obtained to describe the most used contraceptive methods. Inequalities in modern contraceptive use were evaluated according to wealth index, scholastic backwardness and ethnicity. In all follow-ups, more than 80% of women used at least one modern method. The use of barrier methods decreased with age; at 22 this prevalence was 36.3%. Such use concomitant with other modern methods was lower than 50% in all follow-ups. We observed inequalities in the use of modern contraceptive methods, mainly in barrier methods used with other modern methods. These findings may contribute and improve the public policies in family planning.
监测避孕方法的使用趋势并确定覆盖范围较低的人群，这对于指导公共政策并提高其效率是必要的。然而，在巴西，最近关于这些方面的数据有限。本研究旨在调查青少年和成年早期避孕方法的使用情况及其不平等现象。本研究使用了巴西南里奥格兰德州佩洛塔斯出生队列的 1993 年数据。分别在 15 岁、18 岁和 22 岁时，有 335 名、1458 名和 1711 名女性报告开始了她们的性生活，并被纳入分析。为了描述最常用的避孕方法，获得了流行率和 95%置信区间。根据财富指数、学业落后和种族评估了现代避孕方法使用的不平等情况。在所有随访中，超过 80%的女性使用了至少一种现代避孕方法。随着年龄的增长，屏障方法的使用有所减少；在 22 岁时，这种流行率为 36.3%。在所有随访中，这种与其他现代方法同时使用的方法低于 50%。我们观察到现代避孕方法使用的不平等现象，主要是在屏障方法与其他现代方法同时使用的情况下。这些发现可能有助于改善计划生育的公共政策。
