Sousa Marco Aurélio de, Menezes Luana Leão, Vieira Ed Wilson Rodrigues, Andrade Gisele Nepomuceno de, Malta Deborah Carvalho, Felisbino-Mendes Mariana Santos
Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2024 Nov 25;40(11):e00148323. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XPT148323. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to estimate the proportion of use of emergency contraception at least once in life among Brazilian adolescent students, as well as the association of individual, family, and community factors with use. A cross-sectional study was carried out, including 38,779 Brazilian adolescent students, aged 13 to 17 years, participating in the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE) in 2019, who declared sexual initiation. The proportion of emergency contraception use at least once in life and the form of access to the method were estimated. Proportion ratios were estimated to assess the factors associated with the use of emergency contraception at some point in life. The proportion of adolescents who used emergency contraception, or who reported the use by their partners, at some point in their lives was 37.9%. Regarding the access to the emergency contraception, commercial pharmacies were the main source of purchase. Adolescents aged 16 and 17 years, those who sought health services in the last year, those living in the Central-West and Southeast regions, and those who had a history of sexual violence used emergency contraception or reported their partners using them at least once in their lives. Living in the South region of Brazil was associated with a lower proportion of adolescents who used emergency contraception or who reported the use by their partners at least once in their lives. The association with individual, family, and community factors related to the use of emergency contraception may reflect the non-use or failures in the use of other contraceptive methods, revealing gaps in public policies related to the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents in Brazil.
本研究旨在估算巴西青少年学生一生中至少使用过一次紧急避孕药的比例，以及个人、家庭和社区因素与使用情况之间的关联。开展了一项横断面研究，纳入了2019年参与巴西全国学校健康调查（PeNSE）且已开始有性行为的38779名13至17岁的巴西青少年学生。估算了一生中至少使用过一次紧急避孕药的比例以及获取该方法的途径。估算了比例比，以评估与一生中某个时刻使用紧急避孕药相关的因素。在青少年中，一生中曾使用紧急避孕药或其伴侣曾使用紧急避孕药的比例为37.9%。关于紧急避孕药的获取途径，商业药店是主要购买渠道。16岁和17岁的青少年、去年寻求过医疗服务的青少年、居住在中西部和东南部地区的青少年以及有性暴力史的青少年一生中至少使用过一次紧急避孕药或其伴侣使用过紧急避孕药。生活在巴西南部地区的青少年一生中至少使用过一次紧急避孕药或其伴侣使用过紧急避孕药的比例较低。与紧急避孕药使用相关的个人、家庭和社区因素之间的关联可能反映出其他避孕方法的未使用或使用失败，揭示了巴西青少年性健康和生殖健康相关公共政策存在的差距。
