Ji Wenhui, Tang Xiao, Du Wei, Lu Yao, Wang Nanxiang, Wu Qiong, Wei Wei, Liu Jie, Yu Haidong, Ma Bo, Li Lin, Huang Wei
Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2022 Jan 4;51(1):71-127. doi: 10.1039/d0cs01610a.
This review highlights the biological importance of mitochondrial energy metabolism and the applications of multiple optical/electrochemical approaches to determine energy metabolites. Mitochondria, the main sites of oxidative phosphorylation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biosynthesis, provide the majority of energy required by aerobic cells for maintaining their physiological activity. They also participate in cell growth, differentiation, information transmission, and apoptosis. Multiple mitochondrial diseases, caused by internal or external factors, including oxidative stress, intense fluctuations of the ionic concentration, abnormal oxidative phosphorylation, changes in electron transport chain complex enzymes and mutations in mitochondrial DNA, can occur during mitochondrial energy metabolism. Therefore, developing accurate, sensitive, and specific methods for the and detection of mitochondrial energy metabolites is of great importance. In this review, we summarise the mitochondrial structure, functions, and crucial energy metabolic signalling pathways. The mechanism and applications of different optical/electrochemical methods are thoroughly reviewed. Finally, future research directions and challenges are proposed.
本综述强调了线粒体能量代谢的生物学重要性以及多种光学/电化学方法在测定能量代谢物方面的应用。线粒体是氧化磷酸化和三磷酸腺苷（ATP）生物合成的主要场所，为需氧细胞维持其生理活动提供了大部分所需能量。它们还参与细胞生长、分化、信息传递和细胞凋亡。在线粒体能量代谢过程中，可能会发生多种由内部或外部因素引起的线粒体疾病，这些因素包括氧化应激、离子浓度的剧烈波动、异常的氧化磷酸化、电子传递链复合酶的变化以及线粒体DNA突变。因此，开发准确、灵敏且特异的线粒体能量代谢物检测方法至关重要。在本综述中，我们总结了线粒体的结构、功能以及关键的能量代谢信号通路。对不同光学/电化学方法的机制和应用进行了全面综述。最后，提出了未来的研究方向和挑战。
